Faculdade de Psicologia da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
HEI-Lab, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal.
Clin Psychol Psychother. 2022 Jul;29(4):1254-1275. doi: 10.1002/cpp.2719. Epub 2022 Mar 7.
Intersections between psychotherapy and neurosciences are at its dawn. The quest to understand the neural underpinnings of psychological processes has led several generations of scientists to explore neural correlates between mind, brain and behaviour. Neuroscience methods and research have given psychology new perspectives and insights about the structure and function of complex neural pathways that underlie human functioning (cognition, emotion, motivation, somatic reactions and interpersonal behaviour). By translating neuroscientific findings into psychotherapeutic principles of change, it is possible to promote responsiveness towards brain dysfunction that underlies patients' psychological malfunctioning. In psychotherapy, responsiveness is a core aspect of the therapeutic change process, especially to adapt psychological interventions to patients' motivational stages and preferences, coping styles, neurobehavioural modes and emotional needs. Within a transtheoretical and translational approach, contemporary neuroscientific findings are revised, discussed and used to attempt to build on 14 theoretical brain-based principles that may be applied to psychotherapy. Translating these empirical findings into practical principles, clinical strategies and tasks is expected to enhance psychotherapy responsiveness grounded on a science-based knowledge of brain functioning.
心理治疗学与神经科学的交叉点方兴未艾。为了理解心理过程的神经基础，几代科学家都在探索心理、大脑和行为之间的神经关联。神经科学方法和研究为心理学提供了关于复杂神经通路结构和功能的新视角和见解，这些通路是人类功能（认知、情感、动机、躯体反应和人际行为）的基础。通过将神经科学发现转化为心理治疗变化的原则，可以促进对患者心理功能障碍的大脑功能障碍的反应能力。在心理治疗中，反应能力是治疗变化过程的核心方面，特别是要使心理干预适应患者的动机阶段和偏好、应对方式、神经行为模式和情感需求。在跨理论和转化方法中，对当代神经科学发现进行了修订、讨论和应用，试图建立 14 个可能应用于心理治疗的基于理论的大脑原则。将这些实证发现转化为实践原则、临床策略和任务，有望增强基于大脑功能的科学知识的心理治疗反应能力。
