Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Diabetes Obes Metab. 2022 Jun;24(6):1000-1009. doi: 10.1111/dom.14662. Epub 2022 Feb 15.
To examine whether changes in objectively measured physical activity (PA) are associated with weight loss and changes in body composition and fat distribution in response to weight-loss diet interventions.
This study included 535 participants with overweight/ obesity, who were randomly assigned to four weight-loss diets varying in macronutrients. PA was measured objectively with pedometers, and body composition and fat distribution were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography scans at baseline, 6 months and 24 months.
From baseline to 6 months, when the maximum weight loss was achieved, each 1000-steps/d increment in PA was associated with a greater reduction in body weight (β[SE] = -0.48[0.11]) and waist circumference (β[SE] = -0.49[0.12]). Similar inverse associations were found in changes in body composition and fat distribution (P < 0.05 and false discovery rate qvalue < 0.1 for all). The trajectory of the above adiposity measures across the 24-month intervention period differed between the patterns of PA change. Participants with the largest increase in PA maintained their weight loss from 6 months to 24 months, while those with a smaller increase in PA regained their weight. In addition, dietary fat or protein intake significantly modified the associations between changes in PA and changes in body weight and waist circumference over 24 months (P < 0.05).
Changes in objectively measured PA were inversely related to changes in body weight, body composition and fat distribution in response to weight-loss diets, and such associations were more evident in people on a high-fat or average-protein diet compared with a low-fat or high-protein diet.
研究客观测量的身体活动（PA）的变化是否与减肥以及减肥饮食干预后身体成分和脂肪分布的变化有关。
本研究纳入了 535 名超重/肥胖患者，他们被随机分配到四种不同宏量营养素的减肥饮食中。PA 通过计步器进行客观测量，身体成分和脂肪分布使用双能 X 射线吸收法和计算机断层扫描在基线、6 个月和 24 个月时进行测量。
从基线到 6 个月，当达到最大减肥效果时，PA 每增加 1000 步/天，体重（β[SE] = -0.48[0.11]）和腰围（β[SE] = -0.49[0.12]）的下降幅度更大。在身体成分和脂肪分布的变化中也发现了类似的反比关系（所有 P<0.05，错误发现率 q 值<0.1）。在 24 个月的干预期间，上述肥胖指标的轨迹在 PA 变化模式上有所不同。PA 增加最多的参与者从 6 个月到 24 个月保持了减肥效果，而 PA 增加较少的参与者则恢复了体重。此外，饮食中的脂肪或蛋白质摄入量显著改变了 PA 变化与体重和腰围变化之间的关系，持续 24 个月（P<0.05）。
客观测量的 PA 的变化与减肥饮食后体重、身体成分和脂肪分布的变化呈负相关，并且这种关联在高脂肪或平均蛋白质饮食组中比低脂肪或高蛋白质饮食组中更为明显。
