Department of Pediatrics, Sandro Pertini Hospital - ASL RM2, Rome, Italy.
Department of Microbiology and Virology, Sandro Pertini Hospital - ASL RM2, Rome, Italy.
Ital J Pediatr. 2022 Feb 3;48(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s13052-022-01200-1.
To evaluate the role and the advantages of nasopharyngeal swabs in the detection of Influenza A and B viruses and Respiratory syncytial virus through a rapid test based upon a nucleic acid amplification reaction in order to avoid improper antibiotics use.
Case-control retrospective study.
Emergency Room of "Sandro Pertini" General Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Children (< 14 years old) who consecutively arrived in the Emergency Department (ED) for respiratory tract infections, without obvious signs of bacterial respiratory tract infections and other comorbidities, in the maximal seasonal incidence period of November-to-March of every year between 2016 and 2020.
Medical records of children included in the study were retrospectively examined. Children were subdivided according to the following intervals: 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 (Group 1), 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 (Group 2). Children in Group 2 undertook a nasopharyngeal swab, while those in Group 1 did not undergo any specific diagnostic test.
Avoidance of improper antibiotics administration.
A total of 386 children were included in the study: 174 in Group 1, 212 in Group 2. The Odd Ratio (OR) of prescribing an antibiotic in the groups of children not being swabbed compared to those of children undertaking a swab was 9.21 (CI95% 5.6-15.2, p < 0.001). The overall percentage of hospitalizations, both in the short observation unit or in the pediatric unit, did not differ between the two groups.
Nasopharyngeal swabs for the detection of Influenza A and B viruses and Respiratory syncytial virus proved to be a useful means to a correct and timely diagnosis and allowed for a significant reduction in the prescription of antibiotic therapy.
Retrospectively registered.
通过基于核酸扩增反应的快速检测评估鼻咽拭子在检测甲型和乙型流感病毒以及呼吸道合胞病毒中的作用和优势，以避免不合理使用抗生素。
病例对照回顾性研究。
意大利罗马“Sandro Pertini”综合医院急诊室。
连续因呼吸道感染到急诊科就诊的儿童（年龄＜14 岁），无明显细菌性呼吸道感染迹象和其他合并症，每年 11 月至 3 月为最大季节性发病期，时间为 2016 年至 2020 年。
回顾性检查纳入研究的患儿病历。根据以下时间段将患儿分为两组：2016-2017 年和 2017-2018 年（第 1 组），2018-2019 年和 2019-2020 年（第 2 组）。第 2 组患儿进行鼻咽拭子检查，而第 1 组患儿未进行任何特定诊断性检查。
避免不合理使用抗生素。
共纳入 386 名患儿：第 1 组 174 名，第 2 组 212 名。未行拭子检查的患儿组与行拭子检查的患儿组相比，开具抗生素的比值比（OR）为 9.21（95%CI95% 5.6-15.2，p＜0.001）。两组患儿在短期观察单元或儿科病房的住院率总体无差异。
检测甲型和乙型流感病毒以及呼吸道合胞病毒的鼻咽拭子检测被证明是一种正确且及时诊断的有用手段，并显著减少了抗生素治疗的处方。
回顾性注册。
