埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚西部地区集约化和庭院式养殖系统下鸡传染性法氏囊病的血清流行率及相关危险因素
Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Infectious Bursal Disease in Chickens Managed Under Intensive and Backyard Production Systems in Western Oromia, Ethiopia.
作者信息
Abdeta Debela, Tamiru Yobsan, Amante Morka, Abebe Dereje, Kenei Felmeta, Shiferaw Jirata, Tefera Misgana
机构信息
Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Bushoftu, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Vet Med (Auckl). 2022 Jan 25;13:39-46. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S347373. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious viral disease challenging poultry industry throughout the world. It is also among the main obstacles in the different chicken production system in Ethiopia. This study was conducted with the aim of determining seroprevalence and associated risk factors of IBD in backyard and intensively managed chickens of the study area.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted in selected districts of western Oromia on intensive and backyard production systems to investigate seroprevalence of IBD and associated risk factors from September 2020 to August 2021. A total of 384 chickens of either sex, 128 from each district, were included from three randomly selected peasant associations (PAs). In addition, 180 individual poultry keepers, of both sexes, and different educational backgrounds, were included for questionnaire survey (Supplementary Material). Data were analyzed using SPSS Version-20, and results were presented as percentages. The samples were processed by using (ProFLOKIBV, USA) indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) kits.
RESULTS
Out of 384 serum samples tested, 66.93% ( = 257) were found positive by indirect ELISA. The highest prevalence was recorded from Sasiga district Balo Bareda PA. Prevalence of IBD showed significant statistical association ( < 0.05) among owner education level, chicken rearing practice, origin and breed. Questionnaire survey results showed the majority of respondents lack sufficient knowledge about IBD and other chicken diseases. The practice of backyard chicken producers on vaccination and treatment of sick birds is limited.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, IBD is a major factor hindering production and health of birds. Proper vaccination programs coordinated with awareness creation of chicken owners on how to isolate and treat sick birds should be implemented.
背景
传染性法氏囊病（IBD）是一种极具传染性的病毒性疾病，给全球家禽业带来挑战。它也是埃塞俄比亚不同养鸡生产系统中的主要障碍之一。本研究旨在确定研究区域内 backyard 和集约化管理鸡群中 IBD 的血清流行率及相关风险因素。
方法
2020 年 9 月至 2021 年 8 月，在奥罗米亚西部选定地区对集约化和 backyard 生产系统进行了一项横断面研究，以调查 IBD 的血清流行率及相关风险因素。从三个随机选择的农民协会（PA）中纳入了总共 384 只不同性别的鸡，每个地区 128 只。此外，还纳入了 180 名不同性别、不同教育背景的个体家禽饲养者进行问卷调查（补充材料）。使用 SPSS 20 版对数据进行分析，结果以百分比表示。样本采用（美国 ProFLOKIBV）间接酶联免疫吸附测定（I-ELISA）试剂盒进行处理。
结果
在检测的 384 份血清样本中，间接 ELISA 检测发现 66.93%（n = 257）呈阳性。最高流行率记录于萨西加区巴洛巴雷达 PA。IBD 的流行率在所有者教育水平、养鸡实践、来源和品种之间显示出显著的统计学关联（P < 0.05）。问卷调查结果显示，大多数受访者对 IBD 和其他鸡病缺乏足够的了解。backyard 养鸡生产者在疫苗接种和病禽治疗方面的做法有限。
结论
总之，IBD 是阻碍禽类生产和健康的主要因素。应实施适当的疫苗接种计划，并提高养鸡业主对如何隔离和治疗病禽的认识。
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