Postgraduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Study Group of Physical Activity Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Study Group of Physical Activity Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Public Health. 2022 Mar;204:14-20. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.12.019. Epub 2021 Dec 30.
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the changes in depression and anxiety symptoms among Brazilian adults over 10 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: The present study used data from wave 1 (June/July 2020) and wave 2 (December 2020/January 2021) of the Prospective Study About Mental and Physical Health (PAMPA) Cohort, a state-level, ambispective longitudinal study with adults from southern Brazil. The frequency of anxiety and depressive symptoms was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Anxiety and depressive symptoms before social distancing were retrospectively assessed during wave 1. RESULTS: Most of the 674 participants were classified as non-symptomatic for depressive (85.0%) and anxiety symptoms (73.2%) before the COVID-19 pandemic. At wave 1, there were increases in symptoms of depression (7.6% [95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.2%, 8.1%]) and anxiety (9.1% [95% CI: 8.6%, 9.5%]). These decreased at wave 2 (depression: 6.9% [95% CI: 6.5%, 7.2%]; anxiety: 7.4% [95% CI: 7.1%, 7.8%]) although they were still elevated compared with pre-COVID (depression: 4.5% [95% CI: 4.2%, 4.8%]; anxiety: 5.8% [95% CI: 5.5%, 6.1%]). Adults living alone (b = 0.44 [95% CI: 0.07, 0.82]) had a faster trajectory in anxiety symptoms than their counterparts. Cohort members who were living alone (b = 0.24 [95% CI: 0.06, 0.42]) and with diagnosed chronic disease (0.32 [95% CI: 0.18, 0.46]) had a faster increase in depressive symptoms than their respective counterparts. Participants aged ≥60 years showed a slower trajectory of depressive (b = -0.46 [95% CI: -0.73, -0.18]) and anxiety (b = -0.61 [95% CI: -1.20, -0.02) symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: During 10 months of COVID-19, anxiety and depression symptoms improved but were still higher than before COVID-19.
目的：本研究旨在探讨巴西成年人在 COVID-19 大流行的 10 个月期间抑郁和焦虑症状的变化。
研究设计/方法：本研究使用了来自南里奥格兰德州前瞻性心理和身体健康研究（PAMPA）队列的第 1 波（2020 年 6 月/7 月）和第 2 波（2020 年 12 月/2021 年 1 月）的数据，这是一项州级、前瞻性纵向研究，参与者为巴西南部的成年人。使用医院焦虑和抑郁量表评估焦虑和抑郁症状的频率。在第 1 波期间，通过回顾性评估在社会隔离之前的焦虑和抑郁症状来评估 COVID-19 大流行前的焦虑和抑郁症状。
结果：在 COVID-19 大流行之前，674 名参与者中的大多数被归类为无抑郁（85.0%）和焦虑症状（73.2%）。在第 1 波时，抑郁症状（7.6% [95%置信区间：7.2%，8.1%]）和焦虑症状（9.1% [95%置信区间：8.6%，9.5%]）有所增加。这些症状在第 2 波时有所下降（抑郁：6.9% [95%置信区间：6.5%，7.2%]；焦虑：7.4% [95%置信区间：7.1%，7.8%]），尽管与 COVID-19 之前相比仍有所升高（抑郁：4.5% [95%置信区间：4.2%，4.8%]；焦虑：5.8% [95%置信区间：5.5%，6.1%]）。独居的成年人（b=0.44 [95%置信区间：0.07，0.82]）的焦虑症状轨迹比同龄人更快。独居的队列成员（b=0.24 [95%置信区间：0.06，0.42]）和患有确诊慢性疾病的成员（0.32 [95%置信区间：0.18，0.46]）的抑郁症状比各自的对照者更快增加。年龄≥60 岁的参与者的抑郁（b=-0.46 [95%置信区间：-0.73，-0.18]）和焦虑（b=-0.61 [95%置信区间：-1.20，-0.02]）症状的轨迹较慢。
结论：在 COVID-19 持续的 10 个月期间，焦虑和抑郁症状有所改善，但仍高于 COVID-19 之前。
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