Aljuffali Lobna A, Alshabanah Munerah O, Almalag Haya M
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Saud University, College of Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
King Saud University, College of Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Pharm J. 2022 Apr;30(4):440-453. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.01.017. Epub 2022 Jan 31.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has placed healthcare workers, including pharmacists, at an increased risk of infection and has increased their workload, which could lead to burnout. Therefore, the present study aimed to measure the levels of burnout among hospital and community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify the risk factors associated with burnout.
In the present cross-sectional study, an online survey was distributed among community and hospital (inpatient, outpatient, clinical, and administration) pharmacists in Saudi Arabia. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) survey was used to measure burnout levels. This 19-item survey covered three aspects: personal, work, and patient-related burnout. The survey included questions about socio-demographic factors and the major causes of psychological distress among pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic. Inferential statistics were used for data analysis.
A total of 502 pharmacists were included in the present study. Of these, 59.1% were categorized as having clinically relevant burnout levels (scores ≥ 50).Univariate analysis revealed that the burnout level was significantly higher (p < 0.05) among pharmacists who were younger, were females, had lesser years of experience, or worked in the community pharmacy. The main factors associated with high burnout levels among community pharmacists were younger age, lesser years of experience, male gender, non-Saudi nationality, and higher numbers of customers. In the COVID-19 part of the survey, burnout was found to be strongly related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Fears of getting infected or of a family member getting infected, fears of the pandemic lasting for too long, and increased working hours were factors contributing to increased burnout levels during the COVID-19 pandemic with unadjusted β of 8.336 and (95% CI 7.082-9.589, p value < 0.001). A lack of supportive work culture and sleeping disturbances were also found to be related to high burnout levels (p < 0.001).
Pharmacy staff in Saudi Arabia were found to experience high levels of burnout. The major risk factors causing burnout included younger age, female gender, lesser years of experience, a lack of supportive work culture, sleep disturbances, worries associated with increased workload during the pandemic, fears of getting infected, and increased working hours.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）使包括药剂师在内的医护人员面临更高的感染风险，并增加了他们的工作量，这可能导致职业倦怠。因此，本研究旨在测量沙特阿拉伯在COVID-19大流行期间医院和社区药剂师的职业倦怠水平，并确定与职业倦怠相关的风险因素。
在本横断面研究中，对沙特阿拉伯的社区和医院（住院、门诊、临床和行政）药剂师进行了一项在线调查。使用哥本哈根职业倦怠量表（CBI）调查来测量职业倦怠水平。这项包含19个条目的调查涵盖了三个方面：个人、工作和与患者相关的职业倦怠。该调查包括有关社会人口统计学因素以及COVID-19大流行期间药剂师心理困扰的主要原因的问题。采用推断统计进行数据分析。
本研究共纳入502名药剂师。其中，59.1%被归类为具有临床相关的职业倦怠水平（得分≥50）。单因素分析显示，年龄较小、女性、工作经验较少或在社区药房工作的药剂师的职业倦怠水平显著更高（p<0.05）。社区药剂师中与高职业倦怠水平相关的主要因素是年龄较小、工作经验较少、男性、非沙特国籍以及顾客数量较多。在调查的COVID-19部分，发现职业倦怠与COVID-19大流行密切相关。担心自己或家庭成员感染、担心大流行持续时间过长以及工作时间增加是导致COVID-19大流行期间职业倦怠水平升高的因素，未调整的β值为8.336（95%置信区间7.082-9.589，p值<0.001）。还发现缺乏支持性的工作文化和睡眠障碍与高职业倦怠水平有关（p<0.001）。
发现沙特阿拉伯的药房工作人员职业倦怠水平较高。导致职业倦怠的主要风险因素包括年龄较小、女性、工作经验较少、缺乏支持性的工作文化、睡眠障碍、对大流行期间工作量增加的担忧、对感染的恐惧以及工作时间增加。
