Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Int J Hyperthermia. 2022;39(1):297-340. doi: 10.1080/02656736.2022.2028908.
Detailed information on the temperature dependence of tissue thermophysical and mechanical properties is pivotal for the optimal implementation of mathematical models and simulation-based tools for the pre-planning of thermal ablation therapies. These models require in-depth knowledge of the temperature sensitivity of these properties and other influential terms (e.g., blood perfusion and metabolic heat) to maximize the treatment prediction outcome.
A systematic literature review of experimental trials investigating thermophysical and mechanical properties of biological media, as well as blood perfusion and metabolic heat, as a function of temperature in hyperthermic and ablative thermal range, was conducted up to June 2021.
A total of 61 articles was selected, thus enabling a comprehensive overview of the temperature dependence of thermophysical properties (i.e. thermal conductivity, specific heat, volumetric heat capacity, density, thermal diffusivity), and mechanical properties (shear, elastic, storage, loss and complex moduli, loss factor, stiffness) along with the principal measurement techniques. The reviewed studies considered different tissues, e.g., liver, fat, cartilage, brain, myocardium, muscle, bone, skin, pancreas tissues, and also some tumorous tissues.
The thermophysical properties of soft tissues appear rather constant until 90 °C, with slight differences ascribable to tissues characteristics and measurement methods. Conversely, the information on mechanical properties is heterogeneous because most of the articles investigated different types of properties in different biological tissues. Furthermore, most of the experiments were conducted ; only a small percentage concerned studies. Limited recent information about the temperature dependence of metabolic heat and blood perfusion was observed.
详细了解组织热物理和力学性质随温度的变化情况，对于优化数学模型的实施以及基于模拟的热消融治疗前规划工具至关重要。这些模型需要深入了解这些性质以及其他有影响的项（例如血液灌注和代谢热）的温度敏感性，以最大限度地提高治疗预测结果。
截至 2021 年 6 月，对调查生物介质以及血液灌注和代谢热的热物理和力学性质随温度在高热和消融热范围内的变化情况的实验性试验进行了系统的文献回顾。
共选择了 61 篇文章，从而全面了解了热物理性质（即导热系数、比热容、体积热容、密度、热扩散率）和力学性质（剪切、弹性、存储、损耗和复合模量、损耗因子、刚度）随温度的变化情况，以及主要的测量技术。综述中的研究考虑了不同的组织，如肝、脂肪、软骨、脑、心肌、肌肉、骨、皮肤、胰腺组织，以及一些肿瘤组织。
软组织的热物理性质在 90°C 之前似乎相当稳定，只有一些微小的差异归因于组织特征和测量方法。相比之下，力学性质的信息是异构的，因为大多数文章在不同的生物组织中研究了不同类型的性质。此外，大多数实验都在进行；只有一小部分涉及临床研究。观察到代谢热和血液灌注随温度变化的信息非常有限。
