Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, LIS, DYNI, Marseille, France.
Université de Toulon, INPS, SMIoT, Marseille, France.
Sci Rep. 2022 Feb 7;12(1):2007. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-05917-1.
A total of 147 days spread over 4 years were recorded by a stereophonic sonobuoy set up in the Mediterranean sea, near the coast of Toulon, south of France. These recordings were analyzed in the scope of studying sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) and the impact anthropic noises may have on this species. With the use of a novel approach, which combines the use of a stereophonic antenna with a neural network, 226 sperm whales' passages have been automatically detected in an effective range of 32 km. This dataset was then used to analyze the sperm whales' abundance, the background noise, the influence of the background noise on the acoustic presence, and the animals' size. The results show that sperm whales are present all year round in groups of 1-9 individuals, especially during the daytime. The estimated density is 1.69 whales/1000 km[Formula: see text]. Animals were also less frequent during periods with an increased background noise due to ferries. The animal size distribution revealed the recorded sperm whales were distributed in length from about 7 to 15.5 m, and lonely whales are larger, while groups of two are composed of juvenile and mid-sized animals.
在法国南部土伦海岸附近的地中海设置了一个立体声声纳浮标，总共记录了 147 天，时间跨度为 4 年。这些记录是在研究抹香鲸（Physeter macrocephalus）以及人为噪音对该物种可能产生的影响的范围内进行分析的。该研究使用了一种新颖的方法，将立体声天线与神经网络结合使用，在 32 公里的有效范围内自动检测到了 226 头抹香鲸的通过。然后，使用这个数据集分析了抹香鲸的丰度、背景噪声、背景噪声对声音存在的影响以及动物的大小。结果表明，抹香鲸全年以 1-9 头为一组存在，尤其是在白天。估计的密度为每 1000 公里[Formula: see text]有 1.69 头抹香鲸。由于渡轮增加了背景噪声，动物的出现频率也较低。动物大小分布表明，所记录的抹香鲸的长度分布在 7 至 15.5 米之间，单独的抹香鲸体型较大，而两头一组的抹香鲸则由幼鲸和中型动物组成。
