Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, India.
Regional Center for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA. 2022 Sep;13(5):e1715. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1715. Epub 2022 Feb 8.
The last decade has seen a robust increase in various types of novel RNA molecules and their complexity in gene regulation. RNA molecules play a critical role in cellular events by interacting with other biomolecules, including protein, DNA, and RNA. It has been established that RNA-RNA interactions play a critical role in several biological processes by regulating the biogenesis and function of RNA molecules. Interestingly, RNA-RNA interactions regulate the biogenesis of diverse RNA molecules, including mRNAs, microRNAs, tRNAs, and circRNAs, through splicing or backsplicing. Structured RNAs like rRNA, tRNA, and snRNAs achieve their functional conformation by intramolecular RNA-RNA interactions. In addition, functional consequences of many intermolecular RNA-RNA interactions have been extensively studied in the regulation of gene expression. Hence, it is essential to understand the mechanism and functions of RNA-RNA interactions in eukaryotes. Conventionally, RNA-RNA interactions have been identified through diverse biochemical methods for decades. The advent of high-throughput RNA-sequencing technologies has revolutionized the identification of global RNA-RNA interactome in cells and their importance in RNA structure and function in gene expression regulation. Although these technologies revealed tens of thousands of intramolecular and intermolecular RNA-RNA interactions, we further look forward to future unbiased and quantitative high-throughput technologies for detecting transcriptome-wide RNA-RNA interactions. With the ability to detect RNA-RNA interactome, we expect that future studies will reveal the higher-order structures of RNA molecules and multi-RNA hybrids impacting human health and diseases. This article is categorized under: RNA Methods > RNA Analyses In Vitro and In Silico RNA Structure and Dynamics > Influence of RNA Structure in Biological Systems.
过去十年，各种新型 RNA 分子及其在基因调控中的复杂性都有了显著的增加。RNA 分子通过与其他生物分子（包括蛋白质、DNA 和 RNA）相互作用，在细胞事件中发挥着关键作用。已经确定，RNA-RNA 相互作用通过调节 RNA 分子的生物发生和功能，在几个生物学过程中发挥着关键作用。有趣的是，RNA-RNA 相互作用通过剪接或反剪接调节多种 RNA 分子（包括 mRNA、miRNA、tRNA 和 circRNA）的生物发生。像 rRNA、tRNA 和 snRNA 这样的结构 RNA 通过分子内 RNA-RNA 相互作用来实现其功能构象。此外，许多分子间 RNA-RNA 相互作用的功能后果在基因表达调控中得到了广泛的研究。因此，了解真核生物中 RNA-RNA 相互作用的机制和功能至关重要。几十年来，传统上通过多种生化方法来识别 RNA-RNA 相互作用。高通量 RNA 测序技术的出现彻底改变了细胞中全局 RNA-RNA 相互作用组的鉴定及其在 RNA 结构和功能以及基因表达调控中的重要性。尽管这些技术揭示了成千上万的分子内和分子间 RNA-RNA 相互作用，但我们还期待未来出现用于检测转录组范围的 RNA-RNA 相互作用的无偏和定量高通量技术。有了检测 RNA-RNA 相互作用组的能力，我们预计未来的研究将揭示影响人类健康和疾病的 RNA 分子的高级结构和多 RNA 杂交体。本文属于：RNA 方法>RNA 体外和计算机分析 RNA 结构和动态>RNA 结构对生物系统的影响。
