School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
Regional Climate Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 460, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Ambio. 2022 Aug;51(8):1889-1903. doi: 10.1007/s13280-022-01704-4. Epub 2022 Feb 8.
Historical land-use practices have caused forest loss in Cambodia's Tonle Sap Lake area (TSLA), the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia. However, it remains unclear if this deforestation trend had continued since 2001 when the land was designated as protected areas. Using satellite imagery, we investigated forest conversion flows and fragmentation patterns in the TSLA for 1992-2001, 2001-2010, and 2010-2019, respectively. Results show substantial forest losses and fragmentations occurring at the lower floodplain where the protected areas are located until 2010, with some forest regain during 2010-2019. The land conversions indicated that forest clearing and agricultural farming were the primary causes for observed extensive forest loss during 1992-2010. Hence, despite the creating of protected areas in 2001, our findings reveal the persistence of alarming forest loss in the TSLA until 2010. On the other hand, while net forest loss has stopped after 2010, forest regain during 2010-2019 is way too small to restore the region's total forest area to even the level when the protected areas were established. Thus, more effective planning and implementations of forest management and restoration policies are needed for the TSLA.
历史上的土地利用方式导致柬埔寨洞里萨湖地区（TSLA）的森林丧失，该地区是东南亚最大的淡水湖。然而，自 2001 年该地区被指定为保护区以来，这种森林砍伐趋势是否还在继续，目前还不清楚。我们利用卫星图像，分别调查了 1992-2001 年、2001-2010 年和 2010-2019 年期间 TSLA 的森林转化流和破碎化模式。结果表明，在保护区所在的低洪泛平原上，大量的森林丧失和破碎化现象一直持续到 2010 年，而在 2010-2019 年期间，森林面积有所恢复。土地转化表明，森林砍伐和农业耕种是 1992-2010 年期间观察到的广泛森林丧失的主要原因。因此，尽管 2001 年设立了保护区，但我们的研究结果表明，直到 2010 年，TSLA 的森林仍在持续大量减少。另一方面，虽然 2010 年以后净森林损失已经停止，但 2010-2019 年期间的森林恢复量太小，不足以使该地区的森林总面积恢复到保护区建立时的水平。因此，TSLA 需要更有效的森林管理和恢复政策的规划和实施。
