Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá (Colombia)..
Investigadora asociada Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá (Colombia)..
Rev Colomb Obstet Ginecol. 2021 Dec 30;72(4):377-395. doi: 10.18597/rcog.3788.
The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed a great challenge on health research because of the pressing need to respond promptly and effectively to this crisis situation. It is important to offer a high level perspective of the main barriers and facilitators found when conducting health science studies during the COVID-19 crisis and to discuss the research initiatives suggested by global, regional or local health research authorities.
A systematic scoping review was carried out. A literature search was conducted in the Medline, Cochrane Library, Lilacs and Google Scholar databases. Original research studies, review and opinion articles and editorials available in full text published in Spanish, English or Portuguese between January 2020 and May 2021 were included. Two authors working independently selected the papers and collected the data. The barriers and facilitators identified were described and organized in four categories according to the literature: sociocultural, administrative, organizational and methodological. Official documents and communications from global, regional and local health and research authorities were also included. Results are presented in narrative and table form.
Overall, 26 documents were selected for data analysis and synthesis. The barriers most frequently mentioned in the literature include issues with access to participants, ethics committees paperwork, biological risk for the researchers, and lack of inter and intra-institutional coordination. On the other hand, the facilitators identified include the adoption of on-line solutions, cooperative work among research actors, and a more flexible informed consent process. Regarding the initiatives disseminated by health and research authorities, four strategies were identified: prioritization of research questions, cooperation and inclusion promotion, fight against infodemia, and strengthening of the methodological quality of the studies.
Continued cooperation and interoperability among institutions, countries and disciplines to facilitate future research processes is a challenge in the context of the pandemic; similarly, it is now important to maintain open science and funding of cooperative studies when other priorities emerge. Likewise, there is an evident need to develop and sustain efficient information management systems to help with decision-making. Ongoing review of the effects of the pandemic on health research practice is needed in order to gain comprehensive insights of what we need to learn as a society from this crisis.
由于需要迅速有效地应对这一危机情况，新冠疫情对卫生研究提出了巨大挑战。提供在新冠疫情危机期间进行卫生科学研究时发现的主要障碍和促进因素的高层次视角，并讨论全球、区域或地方卫生研究当局提出的研究倡议，这一点很重要。
本研究进行了系统的范围界定。在 Medline、Cochrane 图书馆、Lilacs 和 Google Scholar 数据库中进行了文献检索。纳入了 2020 年 1 月至 2021 年 5 月期间以西班牙语、英语或葡萄牙语全文发表的原始研究、综述和观点文章以及社论。两名独立工作的作者选择论文并收集数据。根据文献，将识别出的障碍和促进因素描述并分为四类：社会文化、行政、组织和方法。还包括来自全球、区域和地方卫生和研究当局的官方文件和通讯。结果以叙述和表格形式呈现。
总体而言，有 26 份文件被选入进行数据分析和综合。文献中最常提到的障碍包括参与者准入问题、伦理委员会文件工作、研究人员的生物风险以及机构间和机构内协调不足。另一方面，确定的促进因素包括采用在线解决方案、研究人员之间的合作、以及更灵活的知情同意程序。关于卫生和研究当局传播的倡议，确定了四项策略：优先考虑研究问题、促进合作和包容、抗击信息泛滥、以及加强研究方法质量。
在大流行背景下，机构、国家和学科之间继续合作和互操作以促进未来的研究过程是一项挑战；同样，当出现其他优先事项时，现在需要保持开放科学和合作研究的资金。同样，显然需要开发和维持高效的信息管理系统，以帮助决策。需要对大流行对卫生研究实践的影响进行持续审查，以便全面了解我们作为一个社会从这场危机中需要吸取的经验教训。
