Department of General Surgery, Daocheng County People's Hospital, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Ganzi 627750, Sichuan, China.
Department of Orthopedics, Second People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou 311100, Zhejiang, China.
J Healthc Eng. 2022 Jan 30;2022:9475522. doi: 10.1155/2022/9475522. eCollection 2022.
In this paper, clinical manifestations of inferior vena cava injuries and the progress of emergency treatment are presented. Inferior vena cava (IVC) is the large vein returning venous blood from the lower limbs and pelvic and abdominal cavities to the right atrium of the heart. The clinical manifestations of IVC injuries include shock, progressive hemorrhage, air embolism, retroperitoneal hematoma, active bleeding, and hemoperitoneum. The patients may be combined or not combined with injuries to other organs or even die. Routine examination methods for IVC injuries include general examination, color Doppler ultrasound, abdominal contrast-enhanced CT, magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI), and IVC angiography. These examinations are usually performed to confirm the diagnosis. Surgical treatment is the primary emergency treatment for this condition. Increasing the blood volume and symptomatic treatment are auxiliary treatments. The surgeries and repairs for IVC injuries are currently under investigation. Experimental results have verified the exceptional performance of the proposed scheme.
本文介绍了下腔静脉损伤的临床表现和急救处理进展。下腔静脉（IVC）是将下肢和盆腔、腹腔的静脉血回流到心脏右心房的大静脉。IVC 损伤的临床表现包括休克、进行性出血、空气栓塞、腹膜后血肿、活动性出血和血腹。患者可能合并或不合并其他器官损伤，甚至死亡。IVC 损伤的常规检查方法包括一般检查、彩色多普勒超声、腹部增强 CT、磁共振波谱成像（MRSI）和 IVC 血管造影。这些检查通常用于确认诊断。手术治疗是这种情况的主要急救治疗。增加血容量和对症治疗是辅助治疗。IVC 损伤的手术和修复正在研究中。实验结果验证了所提出方案的卓越性能。
