Reitamo S, Visa K, Kähönen K, Käyhkö K, Stubb S, Salo O P
Br J Dermatol. 1986 Mar;114(3):303-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02821.x.
To determine whether inhalant allergens could induce eczematous lesions we studied 17 patients with atopic eczema (with or without allergic rhinitis), 13 patients with allergic rhinitis without atopic eczema and 10 healthy control subjects. The allergens, birch pollen (Betula verrucosa) and house dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus), were applied in aluminium chambers for 48 h on clinically normal skin. In 17 patients with atopic eczema, six epicutaneous test reactions of the delayed type to birch pollen and three to house dust mite were seen at 48 or 72 h. In 13 patients with allergic rhinitis without eczema there was one delayed reaction to birch pollen and none to house dust mite. No delayed type test reactions to either allergen were seen in the controls. Biopsies of the positive test sites revealed an eczematous reaction with epidermal spongiosis and microvesiculation. Immunostaining of cryostat sections showed dermal cell infiltrates consisting of mainly T lymphocytes (ratio of T4:T8, 2-6:I) and to a lesser degree Langerhans and indeterminate T6+ cells. 50-90% of the cells were Ia+. The numbers of basophils and mast cells did not exceed 10-15%.
为了确定吸入性变应原是否能诱发湿疹性损害，我们研究了17例特应性湿疹患者（伴有或不伴有变应性鼻炎）、13例无特应性湿疹的变应性鼻炎患者以及10名健康对照者。将变应原桦树花粉（疣桦）和屋尘螨（粉尘螨）置于铝制小室中，敷于临床正常皮肤48小时。在17例特应性湿疹患者中，48或72小时时观察到6例对桦树花粉的迟发型皮肤试验反应以及3例对屋尘螨的迟发型皮肤试验反应。在13例无湿疹的变应性鼻炎患者中，有1例对桦树花粉出现迟发型反应，对屋尘螨无迟发型反应。在对照者中未观察到对任何一种变应原的迟发型试验反应。对阳性试验部位进行活检显示为湿疹样反应，伴有表皮海绵形成和微水疱形成。对冰冻切片进行免疫染色显示真皮细胞浸润主要由T淋巴细胞组成（T4:T8比例为2 - 6:1），其次为朗格汉斯细胞和不确定的T6 +细胞。50 - 90%的细胞为Ia +。嗜碱性粒细胞和肥大细胞数量不超过10 - 15%。
