Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Centre of Behavioural and Cognitive Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India.
Sci Rep. 2022 Feb 9;12(1):2193. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-05692-z.
Tourette disorder (TD) is characterized by tics, which are sudden repetitive involuntary movements or vocalizations. Deficits in inhibitory control in TD patients remain inconclusive from the traditional method of estimating the ability to stop an impending action, which requires careful interpretation of a metric derived from race model. One possible explanation for these inconsistencies is that race model's assumptions of independent and stochastic rise of GO and STOP process to a fixed threshold are often violated, making the classical metric to assess inhibitory control less robust. Here, we used a pair of metrics derived from a recent alternative model to address why stopping performance in TD is unaffected despite atypical neural circuitry. These new metrics distinguish between proactive and reactive inhibitory control and estimate them separately. When these metrics in adult TD group were contrasted with healthy controls (HC), we identified robust deficits in reactive control, but not in proactive control in TD. The TD group exhibited difficulty in slowing down the speed of movement preparation, which they rectified by their intact ability to postpone the movement.
妥瑞氏症（TD）的特征是抽搐，即突然重复的无意识运动或发声。传统的方法是通过估计停止即将发生的动作的能力来评估 TD 患者的抑制控制能力，但这种方法的结果并不一致，因为该方法源于种族模型，需要对源自该模型的度量标准进行仔细解释。这些不一致的一个可能解释是，种族模型假设 GO 和 STOP 过程的独立和随机上升到固定阈值的假设经常被违反，使得评估抑制控制的经典度量标准不太稳健。在这里，我们使用了一对源自最近的替代模型的度量标准来解决为什么尽管神经回路异常，但 TD 患者的停止表现不受影响的问题。这些新的度量标准区分了主动和反应性抑制控制，并分别对其进行了估计。当将这些度量标准与健康对照组（HC）的成年 TD 组进行对比时，我们发现 TD 组在反应性控制方面存在明显缺陷，但在主动性控制方面没有缺陷。TD 组在减缓运动准备速度方面存在困难，但他们通过保持推迟运动的能力来纠正这一困难。
