Kalubula Maybin, Shen Heqing, Makasa Mpundu
Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Malawi Med J. 2020 Jun;32(2):74-79. doi: 10.4314/mmj.v32i2.4.
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most prevalent HIV and AIDS-associated cancer in the world. Zambia has been considered as part of the "KS belt", where endemic KS has been prevalent. This study, therefore, aimed to present the descriptive epidemiology of Kaposi's sarcoma in Zambia from 2007 - 2014.
We conducted the descriptive epidemiology of Kaposi's sarcoma in Zambia nested on two data sources; the Zambia National Cancer Registry (ZNCR) Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) data, and population-based HIV data from the Zambia National AIDS Council (NAC). Central Statistics Office (CSO) demographic data were used to determine the prevalence and annual incidence of KS. KS sample was 2521while HIV data from NAC were already population-based (HIV impact assessment survey). We used Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 21 in graphical computation and statistical analyses.
Both HIV and KS were highly prevalent in Lusaka, Central, and Southern provinces. ART coverage ranged from 40% - 60%; HIV prevalence was 14.9% in females and 9.5% in males while KS prevalence was 13/100,000 in females and 21/100,000 in males. HIV prevalence was associated with KS prevalence with r = 0.827 and a p-value of 0.001 in males, and r = 0.898 with a p-value of 0.000 in females. There were 61% confirmed HIV seropositive KS, 18% confirmed HIV seronegative KS and 21% unknown HIV status KS.
The high prevalence of KS in Zambia is as a result of the high prevalence of HIV. The identified two key interventions for the reduction of KS morbidity are; reducing HIV infection rate and improving ART coverage across the country.
卡波西肉瘤（KS）是全球最常见的与艾滋病毒和艾滋病相关的癌症。赞比亚被视为“卡波西肉瘤带”的一部分，地方性卡波西肉瘤在那里普遍存在。因此，本研究旨在呈现2007年至2014年赞比亚卡波西肉瘤的描述性流行病学情况。
我们基于两个数据源对赞比亚卡波西肉瘤进行描述性流行病学研究；赞比亚国家癌症登记处（ZNCR）的卡波西肉瘤（KS）数据，以及赞比亚国家艾滋病委员会（NAC）基于人群的艾滋病毒数据。中央统计局（CSO）的人口统计数据用于确定卡波西肉瘤的患病率和年发病率。卡波西肉瘤样本为2521例，而NAC的艾滋病毒数据已经是基于人群的（艾滋病毒影响评估调查）。我们使用Microsoft Excel和SPSS 21版进行图形计算和统计分析。
艾滋病毒和卡波西肉瘤在卢萨卡省、中央省和南部省份都高度流行。抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）覆盖率在40%至60%之间；女性艾滋病毒患病率为14.9%，男性为9.5%，而女性卡波西肉瘤患病率为13/100,000，男性为21/100,000。男性中艾滋病毒患病率与卡波西肉瘤患病率相关，r = 0.827，p值为0.001；女性中r = 0.898，p值为0.000。61%的卡波西肉瘤患者艾滋病毒血清学检测呈阳性，18%确诊为艾滋病毒血清学阴性的卡波西肉瘤，21%的卡波西肉瘤患者艾滋病毒感染状况不明。
赞比亚卡波西肉瘤的高患病率是艾滋病毒高患病率导致的。确定的降低卡波西肉瘤发病率的两项关键干预措施是：降低艾滋病毒感染率和提高全国的抗逆转录病毒疗法覆盖率。
