Lenstra J A, Van Vliet A, Arnberg A C, Van Hemert F J, Möller W
Eur J Biochem. 1986 Mar 17;155(3):475-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1986.tb09514.x.
The elongation factor EF-1 alpha is one of the most abundant proteins in eukaryotic cells, where it catalyzes the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to ribosomes. The genes coding for this protein in the brine shrimp Artemia were analyzed by gene cloning, electron microscopy and chromosomal blot hybridization. There are only a few (about four) copies of one type of gene per haploid genome. These genes contain five exons divided over 10(4) base pairs. Local rearrangements give rise to a number of gene variants. Cross-hybridizations of Artemia cDNA probes with yeast and Drosophila DNA revealed two different yeast EF-1 alpha genes and one or two different Drosophila genes, respectively. Nucleotide sequencing revealed signals for synthesis and processing of EF-1 alpha transcripts as well as the exact location of exons. One interruption in the coding sequence corresponds closely to a splice junction in the gene coding for the homologous chloroplast protein EF-Tu from Euglena gracilis, presumably of prokaryotic origin. The first exon in the chloroplast gene codes for the region of EF-Tu that is homologous to regions of the elongation factor EF-G and of the initiation factor IF2, respectively.
延伸因子EF-1α是真核细胞中含量最丰富的蛋白质之一，它催化氨酰tRNA与核糖体的结合。通过基因克隆、电子显微镜和染色体印迹杂交对卤虫（Artemia）中编码该蛋白质的基因进行了分析。每个单倍体基因组中只有少数（约四个）一种类型的基因拷贝。这些基因包含五个外显子，分布在10⁴个碱基对上。局部重排产生了许多基因变体。卤虫cDNA探针与酵母和果蝇DNA的交叉杂交分别揭示了两个不同的酵母EF-1α基因和一个或两个不同的果蝇基因。核苷酸测序揭示了EF-1α转录本的合成和加工信号以及外显子的确切位置。编码序列中的一个中断与来自纤细裸藻（Euglena gracilis）的同源叶绿体蛋白EF-Tu编码基因中的一个剪接位点紧密对应，推测该蛋白起源于原核生物。叶绿体基因中的第一个外显子分别编码EF-Tu中与延伸因子EF-G和起始因子IF2区域同源的区域。
