Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Higino Muzzi Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Higino Muzzi Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil.
Exp Gerontol. 2022 May;161:111731. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111731. Epub 2022 Feb 7.
The aging process predisposes numerous homeostatic disorders, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Changes in diet and lifestyle and therapeutic adjuvants are essential to minimize the effects of comorbidities associated with aging. Natural products such as Panax ginseng have been used to treat and prevent diseases related to aging. This review aims to investigate the effects of Panax ginseng in various conditions associated with aging, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. The ginsenosides, chemical constituents found in Panax ginseng, can inhibit the effects of inflammatory cytokines, inhibit signaling pathways that induce inflammation, and inhibit cells that participate in inflammatory processes. Besides, ginsenosides are involved in neuroprotective effects on the central nervous system due to anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. The use of ginseng extract showed actions on lipid homeostasis, positively regulating high-density lipoprotein, down-regulating low-density lipoprotein and triglyceride levels, and producing beneficial effects on vascular endothelial function. The use of this plant in cancer resulted in improved quality of life and mood. It decreased symptoms of fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and dyspnea, reducing anxiety. Panax ginseng has been shown to exert potent therapeutic benefits that can act as a complementary treatment in managing patients with chronic diseases related to aging.
衰老过程易导致多种体内平衡紊乱、代谢紊乱、心血管疾病、神经退行性疾病和癌症。改变饮食和生活方式以及治疗辅助剂对于最小化与衰老相关的合并症的影响至关重要。天然产物如人参已被用于治疗和预防与衰老相关的疾病。本综述旨在研究人参在与衰老相关的各种情况下的作用，如炎症、氧化应激、线粒体功能障碍、细胞凋亡、神经退行性和代谢紊乱、心血管疾病和癌症。人参中的化学成分类固醇可以抑制炎症细胞因子的作用，抑制诱导炎症的信号通路，并抑制参与炎症过程的细胞。此外，由于具有抗细胞凋亡、抗氧化和抗炎作用，固醇类物质参与了中枢神经系统的神经保护作用。人参提取物的使用对脂质稳态具有作用，积极调节高密度脂蛋白，下调低密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯水平，并对血管内皮功能产生有益影响。该植物在癌症中的使用提高了生活质量和情绪。它减轻了疲劳、恶心、呕吐和呼吸困难的症状，减轻了焦虑。人参已被证明具有强大的治疗益处，可以作为治疗与衰老相关的慢性疾病患者的辅助治疗。
