在 COVID-19 大流行期间，对代表性的以色列犹太人群体中的流感和 COVID-19 疫苗的态度。
Attitudes towards influenza, and COVID-19 vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic among a representative sample of the Jewish Israeli population.
机构信息
Infectious Disease Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.
Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2022 Feb 11;17(2):e0255495. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255495. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
Vaccine hesitancy is increasing. We assessed attitudes toward influenza and COVID-19 vaccines and the relation between hesitancy to influenza vaccine and hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccines.
METHODS
A structured questionnaire administered during September 2020 to a representative sample of the Jewish Israeli population assessed attitudes and acceptance of influenza and COVID-19 vaccines. Factors for vaccine hesitancy were determined using logistic regression. Questionnaires were administered prior to the release of clinical data regarding efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines and prior to vaccine rollout.
RESULTS
We approached 10,625 people, of these 2,080 responded (19%), and 2,024 completed the questionnaire (97.3%), 64.9% aged 15-64 years and 35.1% aged ≥65 years. 37% had co-morbidities. 43.5% experienced financial deterioration due to the pandemic. 65.9% received influenza vaccine ≥1 time in the past. Influenza vaccination rates were higher in the elderly (81.8%). Reasons for influenza vaccine hesitancy were opinions that the vaccine is ineffective (27.1%), and fear of side effects (29.3%). 8.2% of people aged 16-64 and 13.8% of people aged≥65 refused to be vaccinated at least once over the course of one's lifetime. Percent of responders willing to receive a COVID-19 vaccine were higher than percent of responders willing to receive the influenza vaccine both in people aged 16-64 years (942 (72.3%) vs. 38.4%, respectively) and in people 65 years and older (84.0% vs. 76.8%, respectively). Hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccine was associated with hesitancy towards other vaccines. Only 26.8% would participate in a COVID-19 vaccine trial.
CONCLUSIONS
Willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine was higher than willingness to receive influenza vaccine. The results point to areas of fear from influenza vaccines side effects and lack of knowledge regarding influenza vaccines effectiveness that can be addressed to increase acceptance. Hesitancy towards other vaccines was associated with hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccination.
背景
疫苗犹豫情绪正在加剧。我们评估了人们对流感和 COVID-19 疫苗的态度，以及对流感疫苗的犹豫与对 COVID-19 疫苗的犹豫之间的关系。
方法
2020 年 9 月，我们向以色列代表性的犹太人群体发放了一份结构式问卷，评估他们对流感和 COVID-19 疫苗的态度和接受程度。使用逻辑回归确定疫苗犹豫的因素。在 COVID-19 疫苗的疗效和安全性的临床数据公布之前，以及在疫苗推出之前，就发放了问卷。
结果
我们联系了 10625 人，其中 2080 人做出回应（19%），2024 人完成问卷（97.3%），64.9%的年龄在 15-64 岁之间，35.1%的年龄在 65 岁及以上。37%的人患有合并症。43.5%的人因疫情导致经济恶化。65.9%的人过去至少接种过一次流感疫苗。老年人的流感疫苗接种率较高（81.8%）。流感疫苗犹豫的原因是认为疫苗无效（27.1%）和担心副作用（29.3%）。16-64 岁的人中，8.2%的人至少有一次拒绝接种，65 岁及以上的人中，13.8%的人至少有一次拒绝接种。在 16-64 岁的人群中，愿意接种 COVID-19 疫苗的比例高于愿意接种流感疫苗的比例（942（72.3%）比 38.4%），在 65 岁及以上的人群中，愿意接种 COVID-19 疫苗的比例也高于愿意接种流感疫苗的比例（84.0%比 76.8%）。对 COVID-19 疫苗的犹豫与对其他疫苗的犹豫有关。只有 26.8%的人愿意参加 COVID-19 疫苗试验。
结论
愿意接种 COVID-19 疫苗的比例高于愿意接种流感疫苗的比例。研究结果指出，人们对接种流感疫苗的副作用感到恐惧，对流感疫苗的有效性缺乏了解，这可以作为提高接种率的切入点。对其他疫苗的犹豫与对 COVID-19 疫苗接种的犹豫有关。只有 26.8%的人愿意参加 COVID-19 疫苗试验。
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