Kaul Subuhi, Kaur Ishmeet, Mehta Shilpa, Singal Archana
Department of Internal Medicine, John H Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois.
Dermosphere Clinic, New Delhi, India.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Dec;89(6):1091-1103. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.12.063. Epub 2022 Feb 8.
Tuberculosis is an ancient disease that continues to affect an estimated 10 million people per year and is responsible for 1.4 million deaths per year. Additionally, the HIV epidemic and multidrug resistance present challenges to disease control. Cutaneous tuberculosis is an uncommon, often indolent, manifestation of mycobacterial infection that has a varied presentation. Its diagnosis is challenging, as lesions mimic other, more common conditions and microbiological confirmation is often not possible. Cutaneous tuberculosis can be broadly categorized into multibacillary and paucibacillary forms. Approximately one-third of skin tuberculosis is associated with systemic involvement. By recognizing cutaneous tuberculosis early, dermatologists can play an important role in disease control. The first article in this 2-part continuing medical education series describes the latest epidemiology, microbiology, and pathogenesis of tuberculosis. Furthermore, we review the classification, clinical manifestations, common clinical differentials, and systemic involvement that occur in cutaneous tuberculosis.
结核病是一种古老的疾病，目前每年仍影响约1000万人，每年导致140万人死亡。此外，艾滋病流行和多重耐药性给疾病控制带来了挑战。皮肤结核是分枝杆菌感染的一种不常见且通常进展缓慢的表现形式，其表现多样。由于其皮损类似于其他更常见的病症且往往无法进行微生物学确诊，因此其诊断具有挑战性。皮肤结核可大致分为多菌型和少菌型。约三分之一的皮肤结核伴有全身受累。通过早期识别皮肤结核，皮肤科医生可在疾病控制中发挥重要作用。这个分为两部分的继续医学教育系列的第一篇文章介绍了结核病的最新流行病学、微生物学和发病机制。此外，我们还综述了皮肤结核的分类、临床表现、常见临床鉴别诊断以及全身受累情况。
