Rostov State Medical University, 29 Nakhichevanskiy Lane, Rostov-on-Don 344022, Russian Federation.
Chemical Department of Southern Federal University, 7 Zorge Str, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation.
Gene. 2022 Apr 30;820:146277. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146277. Epub 2022 Feb 8.
In the present review, numerous experimental and theoretical data describing the properties of non-canonical DNA structures (NSs) are analyzed. NSs (G-quadruplex, i-motif, hairpin, and triplex) play an important role in epigenetic processes (including the genetic variability of viruses), are prone to energetically low-cost conformational transformations and can very effectively be used in the design of nanoscale devices. Numerous experimental data have been analyzed in connection with the so-called oligonucleotides-transformers (nucleotide sequences that able to fold not only into one, but also into several NSs). These sequences were recently predicted by our calculations using automata and graph theories ("Dafna" algorithm). Possible applications of the oligonucleotides-transformers in nanoengineering and genetic editing of organisms are considered.
在本次综述中，分析了大量描述非规范 DNA 结构（NSs）特性的实验和理论数据。NSs（G-四链体、i- 基序、发夹和三螺旋）在表观遗传过程（包括病毒的遗传变异）中发挥重要作用，易于进行能量低成本构象转变，并且可以非常有效地用于纳米器件的设计。已经分析了大量与所谓的寡核苷酸- 转位器（能够折叠成不仅一种，而且还能折叠成多种 NSs 的核苷酸序列）相关的实验数据。这些序列是最近使用自动机和图论（“Dafna”算法）通过我们的计算预测的。考虑了寡核苷酸- 转位器在纳米工程和生物遗传编辑中的可能应用。
