Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
J Clin Psychol. 2022 Jul;78(7):1516-1539. doi: 10.1002/jclp.23323. Epub 2022 Feb 12.
This study examined sleep disorders and sleep medication use rates, nighttime tics, and sleep and chronotype in relation to tic and co-occurring symptoms in adults with persistent tic disorders (PTDs), including Tourette's disorder (TD).
One hundred twenty-five adult internet survey respondents rated sleep history, sleep, chronotype, tic severity, impairment, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, anxiety, depression, and emotional and behavioral dyscontrol.
Bruxism, insomnia, tic-related difficulty falling asleep, and melatonin use were commonly endorsed. Sleep disturbance correlated with impairment, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and emotional and behavioral dyscontrol. Eveningness correlated with vocal and total tic severity only in TD. Controlling for age and sex, age, impairment, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms predicted sleep disturbance, and age and tic severity predicted chronotype.
Impairment and obsessive-compulsive symptoms play a role in sleep disturbance in adults with PTDs, and may be intervention targets. Eveningness relates to tic severity, which may suggest the utility of interventions to advance chronotype.
本研究旨在调查睡眠障碍和睡眠药物使用频率、夜间抽动、睡眠和昼夜节律与持续性抽动障碍（PTD）成人的抽动和共病症状之间的关系，包括妥瑞氏症（TD）。
125 名成年互联网调查受访者对睡眠史、睡眠、昼夜节律、抽动严重程度、障碍、注意力缺陷多动障碍、强迫症症状、焦虑、抑郁以及情绪和行为失控进行了评分。
磨牙症、失眠、与抽动相关的入睡困难和褪黑素使用较为常见。睡眠障碍与障碍、强迫症症状和情绪及行为失控相关。只有在 TD 中，夜间型与发声和总抽动严重程度相关。在控制年龄和性别后，年龄、障碍和强迫症症状预测睡眠障碍，而年龄和抽动严重程度预测昼夜节律。
在 PTD 成人中，障碍和强迫症症状与睡眠障碍有关，可能是干预的目标。夜间型与抽动严重程度有关，这可能表明干预措施促进昼夜节律的有效性。
