Janknegt R
Pharm Weekbl Sci. 1986 Feb 21;8(1):1-21. doi: 10.1007/BF01975473.
Quinolones, chemically related to nalidixic acid, have a strong and rapid bactericidal action against Gram-negative bacteria, including Ps. aeruginosa, some Mycobacteria, Legionella and Staphylococci. Streptococci and anaerobic bacteria are usually less sensitive. The quinolones exert their bactericidal action through inhibition of the enzyme DNA gyrase. Quinolones are absorbed for 50-100% from the gastro-intestinal tract, their volume of distribution is generally high (2 l/kg) and high concentrations are reached in almost all organs. The elimination half-lives range from 4 to 14 h. The efficacy of quinolones in urinary tract infections has been shown in many studies. They also seem to be effective in many serious infections. In animal studies their efficacy was generally equal or superior to aminoglycosides. Until now only mild and infrequent side effects have been reported.
喹诺酮类药物在化学结构上与萘啶酸相关，对革兰氏阴性菌具有强大而快速的杀菌作用，包括铜绿假单胞菌、某些分枝杆菌、军团菌和葡萄球菌。链球菌和厌氧菌通常不太敏感。喹诺酮类药物通过抑制DNA回旋酶发挥杀菌作用。喹诺酮类药物从胃肠道的吸收率为50% - 100%，其分布容积一般较高（2升/千克），几乎在所有器官中都能达到高浓度。消除半衰期为4至14小时。许多研究已表明喹诺酮类药物在尿路感染中的疗效。它们在许多严重感染中似乎也有效。在动物研究中，其疗效通常与氨基糖苷类药物相当或更优。到目前为止，仅报告了轻微且不常见的副作用。
