Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University.
Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University.
J Epidemiol. 2023 Jul 5;33(7):360-366. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20210338. Epub 2022 Jun 9.
Total work-family conflicts (TWFCs) could associate with mental health, and having ikigai (a purpose of life) may mediate this association.
In a cross-cultural study of 4,792 Japanese Aichi Workers' Cohort study participants and 3,109 Egyptian civil workers, the Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) questionnaire measured TWFCs and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) 11-item scale measured depression. We used logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of having depression and a high-ikigai across levels of TWFCs (low, moderate, and high), and the PROCESS macro of Hayes to test the mediation effect.
The prevalence of high TWFCs, depression, and having a high ikigai were 17.9%, 39.4%, and 70.1% in Japanese women, 10.5%, 26.8%, and 70.1% in Japanese men, 23.7%, 58.2%, and 24.7% in Egyptian women, and 19.1%, 38.9%, and 36.9% in Egyptian men, respectively. Compared with participants with low TWFCs, the multivariable ORs of depression in Japanese women and men with high TWFCs were 4.11 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.99-5.65) and 5.42 (95% CI, 4.18-7.02), and those in Egyptian women and men were 4.43 (95% CI, 3.30-5.95) and 4.79 (95% CI, 3.53-6.48), respectively. The respective ORs of having a high-ikigai were 0.46 (95% CI, 0.33-0.64) and 0.40 (95% CI, 0.31-0.52) in Japanese women and men and were 0.34 (95% CI, 0.24-0.48) and 0.28 (95% CI, 0.20-0.39) in Egyptian women and men. No interaction between TWFCs and country was observed for the associations with depression or ikigai. Ikigai mediated (up to 18%) the associations between the TWFCs and depression, especially in Egyptian civil workers.
TWFCs were associated with depression, and having low ikigai mediated these associations in Japanese and Egyptian civil workers.
总工作家庭冲突（TWFCs）可能与心理健康有关，而拥有生活动力（生活的目的）可能会调解这种关联。
在对 4792 名日本爱知工人队列研究参与者和 3109 名埃及公务员进行的跨文化研究中，使用 Midlife Development in the United States（MIDUS）问卷测量 TWFCs，使用 Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression（CES-D）11 项量表测量抑郁。我们使用逻辑回归模型估计具有不同 TWFCs（低、中、高）水平的抑郁和高生活动力的优势比（OR），并使用 Hayes 的 PROCESS 宏检验中介效应。
在日本女性中，高 TWFCs、抑郁和高生活动力的患病率分别为 17.9%、39.4%和 70.1%，日本男性分别为 10.5%、26.8%和 70.1%，埃及女性分别为 23.7%、58.2%和 24.7%，埃及男性分别为 19.1%、38.9%和 36.9%。与低 TWFCs 的参与者相比，日本女性和男性中 TWFCs 高的抑郁的多变量 OR 分别为 4.11（95%置信区间[CI]，2.99-5.65）和 5.42（95% CI，4.18-7.02），埃及女性和男性分别为 4.43（95% CI，3.30-5.95）和 4.79（95% CI，3.53-6.48）。高生活动力的相应 OR 分别为日本女性和男性的 0.46（95% CI，0.33-0.64）和 0.40（95% CI，0.31-0.52），埃及女性和男性的 0.34（95% CI，0.24-0.48）和 0.28（95% CI，0.20-0.39）。TWFCs 与国家之间没有观察到与抑郁或生活动力相关的相互作用。生活动力在 TWFCs 与抑郁之间的关联中起到了中介作用（高达 18%），这种关联在日本和埃及的公务员中尤为明显。
TWFCs 与抑郁有关，而低生活动力则在日本和埃及的公务员中调解了这种关联。
