Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Front Immunol. 2022 Jan 28;13:828386. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.828386. eCollection 2022.
Breast cancer has become the most commonly diagnosed cancer globally. The relapse and metastasis of breast cancer remain a great challenge despite advances in chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, and HER2 targeted therapy in the past decades. Innovative therapeutic strategies are still critically in need. Cancer vaccine is an attractive option as it aims to induce a durable immunologic response to eradicate tumor cells. Different types of breast cancer vaccines have been evaluated in clinical trials, but none has led to significant benefits. Despite the disappointing results at present, new promise from the latest study indicates the possibility of applying vaccines in combination with anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies or immune checkpoint blockade. This review summarizes the principles and mechanisms underlying breast cancer vaccines, recapitulates the type and administration routes of vaccine, reviews the current results of relevant clinical trials, and addresses the potential reasons for the setbacks and future directions to explore.
乳腺癌已成为全球最常见的癌症。尽管在过去几十年中化疗、内分泌治疗和 HER2 靶向治疗取得了进展，但乳腺癌的复发和转移仍然是一个巨大的挑战。创新的治疗策略仍然非常需要。癌症疫苗是一种有吸引力的选择，因为它旨在诱导持久的免疫反应来消灭肿瘤细胞。不同类型的乳腺癌疫苗已在临床试验中进行了评估，但没有一种疫苗带来显著益处。尽管目前结果令人失望，但最新研究的新希望表明，疫苗与抗 HER2 单克隆抗体或免疫检查点阻断联合应用的可能性。本文综述了乳腺癌疫苗的原理和机制，概述了疫苗的类型和给药途径，回顾了相关临床试验的现有结果，并探讨了失败的潜在原因和未来探索方向。
