Hoh Boon-Peng, Deng Lian, Xu Shuhua
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Hospital, Port Dickson, Malaysia.
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Center for Evolutionary Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Front Genet. 2022 Jan 27;13:767018. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.767018. eCollection 2022.
Southeast Asia (SEA) has one of the longest records of modern human habitation out-of-Africa. Located at the crossroad of the mainland and islands of SEA, Peninsular Malaysia is an important piece of puzzle to the map of peopling and migration history in Asia, a question that is of interest to many anthropologists, archeologists, and population geneticists. This review aims to revisit our understanding to the population genetics of the natives from Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo over the past century based on the chronology of the technology advancement: 1) Anthropological and Physical Characterization; 2) Blood Group Markers; 3) Protein Markers; 4) Mitochondrial and Autosomal DNA Markers; and 5) Whole Genome Analysis. Subsequently some missing gaps of the study are identified. In the later part of this review, challenges of studying the population genetics of natives will be elaborated. Finally, we conclude our review by reiterating the importance of unveiling migration history and genetic diversity of the indigenous populations as a steppingstone towards comprehending disease evolution and etiology.
东南亚（SEA）拥有现代人类走出非洲后最长的居住记录之一。马来西亚半岛位于东南亚大陆和岛屿的交汇处，是亚洲人类定居和迁徙历史地图上的重要拼图，这是许多人类学家、考古学家和群体遗传学家感兴趣的问题。本综述旨在根据技术进步的时间顺序，重新审视我们对过去一个世纪马来西亚半岛和婆罗洲原住民群体遗传学的理解：1）人类学和身体特征；2）血型标记；3）蛋白质标记；4）线粒体和常染色体DNA标记；5）全基因组分析。随后确定了该研究的一些缺失空白。在本综述的后半部分，将阐述研究原住民群体遗传学的挑战。最后，我们通过重申揭示土著群体的迁徙历史和遗传多样性作为理解疾病演变和病因的垫脚石的重要性来结束我们的综述。
