Aru Basak, Soltani Mojdeh, Pehlivanoglu Cemil, Gürlü Ege, Ganjalikhani-Hakemi Mazdak, Yanikkaya Demirel Gülderen
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Front Oncol. 2022 Jan 27;12:789728. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.789728. eCollection 2022.
The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors, the monoclonal antibodies that modulate the interaction between immune checkpoint molecules or their ligands on the immune cells or tumor tissue has revolutionized cancer treatment. While there are various studies proving their efficacy in hematological malignancies, there is also a body of accumulating evidence indicating that immune checkpoint inhibitors' clinical benefits are limited in such diseases. In addition, due to their regulatory nature that balances the immune responses, blockade of immune checkpoints may lead to toxic side effects and autoimmune responses, and even primary or acquired resistance mechanisms may restrict their success. Thus, the need for laboratory biomarkers to identify and monitor patient populations who are more likely respond to this type of therapy and the management of side effects seem critical. However, guidelines regarding the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hematological cancers and during follow-up are limited while there is no consensus on the laboratory parameters to be investigated for safety and efficacy of the treatment. This review aims to provide an insight into recent information on predictive and prognostic value of biomarkers and laboratory tests for the clinical follow up of hematological malignancies, with an emphasis on leukemia.
免疫检查点抑制剂的研发，即调节免疫细胞或肿瘤组织上免疫检查点分子与其配体之间相互作用的单克隆抗体，彻底改变了癌症治疗方式。虽然有各种研究证明其在血液系统恶性肿瘤中的疗效，但也有越来越多的证据表明，免疫检查点抑制剂在这类疾病中的临床益处有限。此外，由于其调节免疫反应的性质，阻断免疫检查点可能会导致毒性副作用和自身免疫反应，甚至原发性或获得性耐药机制也可能限制其疗效。因此，需要实验室生物标志物来识别和监测更可能对这类治疗产生反应的患者群体，并管理副作用，这一点似乎至关重要。然而，关于免疫检查点抑制剂在血液系统癌症及随访期间使用的指南有限，而且对于为治疗安全性和有效性而进行研究的实验室参数尚无共识。本综述旨在深入了解生物标志物和实验室检测在血液系统恶性肿瘤临床随访中的预测和预后价值的最新信息，重点关注白血病。
