Sweedan Amro, Cohen Yachin, Yaron Sima, Bashouti Muhammad Y
The Ilse-Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel.
The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Jan 26;12(3):398. doi: 10.3390/nano12030398.
Binding functional biomolecules to non-biological materials, such as single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), is a challenging task with relevance for different applications. However, no one has yet undertaken a comparison of the binding of SWNTs to different recombinant filamentous viruses (phages) bioengineered to contain different binding peptides fused to the virus coat proteins. This is important due to the range of possible binding efficiencies and scenarios that may arise when the protein's amino acid sequence is modified, since the peptides may alter the virus's biological properties or they may behave differently when they are in the context of being displayed on the virus coat protein; in addition, non-engineered viruses may non-specifically adsorb to SWNTs. To test these possibilities, we used four recombinant phage templates and the wild type. In the first circumstance, we observed different binding capabilities and biological functional alterations; e.g., some peptides, in the context of viral templates, did not bind to SWNTs, although it was proven that the bare peptide did. The second circumstance was excluded, as the wild-type virus was found to hardly bind to the SWNTs. These results may be relevant to the possible use of the virus as a "SWNT shuttle" in nano-scale self-assembly, particularly since the pIII proteins are free to act as binding-directing agents. Therefore, knowledge of the differences between and efficiencies of SWNT binding templates may help in choosing better binding phages or peptides for possible future applications and industrial mass production.
将功能性生物分子与非生物材料（如单壁碳纳米管，SWNTs）相结合，是一项具有挑战性的任务，在不同应用中都具有重要意义。然而，尚未有人对SWNTs与不同的重组丝状病毒（噬菌体）的结合情况进行比较，这些重组丝状病毒经生物工程改造，使其外壳蛋白融合了不同的结合肽。这一点很重要，因为当蛋白质的氨基酸序列发生改变时，可能会出现各种不同的结合效率和情况，因为这些肽可能会改变病毒的生物学特性，或者当它们展示在病毒外壳蛋白上时，其行为可能会有所不同；此外，未经改造的病毒可能会非特异性吸附到SWNTs上。为了测试这些可能性，我们使用了四种重组噬菌体模板和野生型噬菌体。在第一种情况下，我们观察到了不同的结合能力和生物学功能改变；例如，在病毒模板的情况下，一些肽无法与SWNTs结合，尽管已证明裸露的肽可以结合。第二种情况被排除了，因为发现野生型病毒几乎不与SWNTs结合。这些结果可能与病毒在纳米级自组装中作为“SWNT穿梭体”的潜在用途相关，特别是因为pIII蛋白可以自由地作为结合导向剂。因此，了解SWNT结合模板之间的差异和效率，可能有助于为未来可能的应用和工业大规模生产选择更好的结合噬菌体或肽。
