Nguyen Anh-Minh, Pradas Del Real Ana Elena, Durupthy Olivier, Lanone Sophie, Chanéac Corinne, Carenco Sophie
Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Collège de France, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France.
INSERM, IMRB, University Paris Est Creteil, 94010 Creteil, France.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Jan 27;12(3):422. doi: 10.3390/nano12030422.
Acceptability and relevance of nanoparticles in the society is greatly improved using a safer-by-design strategy. However, this is difficult to implement when too late in the development process or when nanoparticles are already on the market (e.g., TiO). We employ this strategy for emerging nanoparticles of lanthanide oxysulfide of formula (Gd,Ce)OS, relevant for photocatalysis as well as for multimodal imaging, as the bandgap of the nanoparticles, related to their Ce content, impacts their ability to absorb visible light. As a first step, we investigated the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a function of cerium content, in abiotic conditions and in vitro using murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line. We demonstrate that, at sub-lethal doses, Ce-containing oxysulfide nanoparticles are responsible for a higher ROS intracellular formation than cerium-free GdOS nanoparticles, although no significant inflammatory response or oxidative stress was measured. Moreover, there was no significant loss of cerium as free cation from the nanoparticles, as evidenced by X-ray fluorescence mapping. Based on these results, we propose a risk analysis for lanthanide oxysulfide nanoparticles, leading to a technology assessment that fulfills the safer-by-design strategy.
采用设计更安全的策略可大大提高纳米颗粒在社会中的可接受性和相关性。然而，当开发过程过晚或纳米颗粒已经上市时（例如二氧化钛），这很难实施。我们将此策略应用于式（Gd,Ce）OS的新型镧系氧硫化物纳米颗粒，其与光催化以及多模态成像相关，因为纳米颗粒的带隙与其铈含量有关，会影响它们吸收可见光的能力。第一步，我们在非生物条件下以及使用小鼠巨噬细胞RAW 264.7细胞系在体外研究了作为铈含量函数的活性氧（ROS）的产生。我们证明，在亚致死剂量下，含铈的氧硫化物纳米颗粒比不含铈的GdOS纳米颗粒导致更高的细胞内ROS形成，尽管未检测到明显的炎症反应或氧化应激。此外，如X射线荧光映射所证明的，纳米颗粒中没有明显的铈作为游离阳离子损失。基于这些结果，我们提出了镧系氧硫化物纳米颗粒的风险分析，从而得出一项符合设计更安全策略的技术评估。
