Nemțanu Monica R, Brașoveanu Mirela, Pincu Elena, Meltzer Viorica
Electron Accelerators Laboratory, National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomiştilor St., P.O. Box MG-36, 077125 Magurele, Romania.
Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Bd., 030018 Bucharest, Romania.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Jan 29;15(3):1061. doi: 10.3390/ma15031061.
Modification of natural polymers for applications in the treatment of waste and surface waters is a continuous concern of researchers and technologists in close relation to the advantages they provide as related to classical polymeric flocculants. In this work, copolymers of starch-graft-polyacrylamide (St--PAM) were synthesized by electron beam irradiation used as the free radical initiator by applying different irradiation doses and dose rates. St--PAM loaded with ex situ prepared silver nanoparticles was also synthesized by using an accelerated electron beam. The graft copolymers were characterized by chemical analysis, rheology, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that the level of grafting (monomer conversion coefficient and residual monomer concentration), intrinsic viscosity and thermal behavior (thermodynamic parameters) were influenced by the irradiation dose, dose rate and presence of silver nanoparticles. The flocculation performances of the synthesized copolymers were also tested on water from the meat industry in experiments at the laboratory level. In the coagulation-flocculation process, the copolymer aqueous solutions showed good efficiency to improve different water quality indicators.
对天然聚合物进行改性，以用于废水和地表水的处理，一直是研究人员和技术专家密切关注的问题，这与它们相对于传统聚合物絮凝剂所具有的优势有关。在这项工作中，以电子束辐照作为自由基引发剂，通过施加不同的辐照剂量和剂量率，合成了淀粉接枝聚丙烯酰胺（St-PAM）共聚物。还使用加速电子束合成了负载有非原位制备的银纳米颗粒的St-PAM。通过化学分析、流变学和差示扫描量热法（DSC）对接枝共聚物进行了表征。结果表明，接枝水平（单体转化率和残留单体浓度）、特性粘度和热行为（热力学参数）受辐照剂量、剂量率和银纳米颗粒的存在影响。在实验室水平的实验中，还对合成的共聚物在肉类工业废水中的絮凝性能进行了测试。在混凝-絮凝过程中，共聚物水溶液在改善不同水质指标方面表现出良好的效果。
