Gonzalez-Coloma Azucena, Andrés María Fe, Contreras Rodrigo, Zúñiga Gustavo E, Díaz Carmen Elisa
Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, CSIC, Serrano 115, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, L.B. O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago 917021, Chile.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Feb 3;11(3):418. doi: 10.3390/plants11030418.
In this work, we have investigated the accumulation of ryanoids in different plant parts (leaves, stems and roots) of aeroponically grown cloned trees (one-year-old cloned individuals) and a selected mature, wild tree. We tested the insect antifeedant (against and ) and nematicidal (against ) effects of ethanolic extracts from these different plant parts. The HPLC-MS analysis of extracts showed that mature tree (wild) leaves had two times more chemical diversity than stems. Aeroponic plants showed fewer differences in chemical diversity between leaves and stems, with the lowest diversity found in the roots. Ryanodane epiryanodol () was present in all the plant parts, with the mature stems (wild) containing the highest amount. The aeroponic stems also accumulated ryanoids including , cinnzeylanol () and cinnzeylanone (). The insect was strongly affected by the stem extracts, while leaf extracts were moderately active. Based on predicted vs. real antifeedant values, we concluded that the ryanoid content ( or a combination of , and ) explained the antifeedant effects of the stem extracts, while additional components contributed to the activity of the leaf extracts. Therefore, careful individual selection of seedlings should be carried out prior to proceeding with aeroponic cultivation in order to obtain ryanodane-rich stem or leaf extracts with strong antifeedant effects on
在这项工作中，我们研究了气培克隆树（一年生克隆个体）和一棵选定的成熟野生树的不同植物部位（叶、茎和根）中鱼尼丁类化合物的积累情况。我们测试了这些不同植物部位的乙醇提取物的昆虫拒食作用（针对[具体昆虫1]和[具体昆虫2]）和杀线虫作用（针对[具体线虫]）。对提取物的HPLC-MS分析表明，成熟树（野生）的叶中化学多样性比茎多两倍。气培植物的叶和茎在化学多样性上差异较小，根中的多样性最低。鱼尼丁表-鱼尼丁醇（[具体名称]）存在于所有植物部位，成熟茎（野生）中含量最高。气培茎中还积累了鱼尼丁类化合物，包括[具体化合物1]、桂皮醇（[具体名称]）和桂皮酮（[具体名称]）。[具体昆虫]受到茎提取物的强烈影响，而叶提取物的活性适中。根据预测的与实际的拒食值，我们得出结论，鱼尼丁类化合物含量（[具体化合物1]或[具体化合物1]、[具体化合物2]和[具体化合物3]的组合）解释了茎提取物的拒食作用，而其他成分则促成了叶提取物的活性。因此，在进行气培种植之前，应仔细挑选[具体植物名称]幼苗，以便获得对[具体昆虫]具有强烈拒食作用的富含鱼尼丁的茎或叶提取物。
