Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland.
Department of Intervention Research in Exercise Training, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jan 27;19(3):1451. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19031451.
This study analyzed physical, cardiovascular, and psychosocial health in different age groups at the far end of the lifespan.
Sixty-two residential seniors participated in this cross-sectional study and were assigned according to age to either the older adults ( = 27; age: 74.8 (3.6); f: 23) or the oldest-old group ( = 35; age: 87.2 (5.0); f: 28). Gait speed, functional mobility, handgrip strength, and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured. Additionally, questionnaires to assess quality of life were applied. Mean between-group differences (Δ) and Hedge's with 95 % confidence intervals were calculated.
Oldest-old had moderately lower handgrip strength (Δ = -31.3 N, 95% CI [-66.30; -1.65], Hedge's = 0.49 [-0.97; 0.03]) and relevant lower gait speed than the older adults (Δ = -0.11 m/s [-0.28; 0.05], = 0.34 [-0.89; 0.20]). All other physical parameters showed trivial differences. Very large effects were found in PWV in favor of the older adults (Δ = -2.65 m/s [-3.26; -2.04], = -2.14 [-2.81; -1.36]). The questionnaires showed trivial to small differences.
We found small differences in physical as well as psychosocial health between age groups with large inter-individual variance. Large differences were found in arterial stiffness, which increases with age. Exercise programs in nursing homes should consider physical, psychosocial, and cardiovascular variables more than age.
本研究分析了寿命末期不同年龄组的身体、心血管和社会心理健康。
62 名居住在养老院的老年人参与了这项横断面研究，并根据年龄分为老年组（n=27；年龄：74.8（3.6）；女性：23）和最老年组（n=35；年龄：87.2（5.0）；女性：28）。测量了步速、功能性移动能力、握力和脉搏波速度（PWV）。此外，还应用了评估生活质量的问卷。计算了组间平均差异（Δ）和 Hedge's 置信区间为 95%。
最老年组的握力明显较低（Δ=-31.3 N，95%CI[-66.30；-1.65]，Hedge's =0.49[-0.97；0.03]），步速也明显低于老年组（Δ=-0.11 m/s[-0.28；0.05]， =0.34[-0.89；0.20]）。所有其他身体参数差异较小。PWV 的非常大的影响有利于老年组（Δ=-2.65 m/s[-3.26；-2.04]， =-2.14[-2.81；-1.36]）。问卷显示差异较小。
我们发现，年龄组之间的身体和社会心理健康存在微小差异，但个体间差异较大。动脉僵硬差异较大，随着年龄的增长而增加。养老院的锻炼计划应考虑更多的身体、心理社会和心血管变量，而不仅仅是年龄。
