Department of Crop Production, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland.
Department of Physiology and Plant Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Ćwiklińskiej 2, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jan 21;23(3):1149. doi: 10.3390/ijms23031149.
Soil salinity is an important environmental factor affecting physiological processes in plants. It is possible to limit the negative effects of salt through the exogenous application of microelements. Silicon (Si) is widely recognized as an element improving plant resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. The aim of the research was to determine the impact of foliar application of Si on the photosynthetic apparatus, gas exchange and DNA methylation of barley ( L.) grown under salt stress. Plants grown under controlled pot experiment were exposed to sodium chloride (NaCl) in the soil at a concentration of 200 mM, and two foliar applications of Si were made at three concentrations (0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%). Measurements were made of relative chlorophyll content in leaves (CCl), gas exchange parameters (C E, g, and P), and selected chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (F/F, F/F, PI and RC/ABS). Additionally, DNA methylation level based on cytosine methylation within the 3'CCGG 5' sequence was analyzed. Salinity had a negative effect on the values of the parameters examined. Exogenous application of Si by spraying leaves increased the values of the measured parameters in plants. Plants treated with NaCl in combination with the moderate (0.1%) and highest (0.2%) dose of Si indicated the lowest methylation level. Decrease of methylation implicated with activation of gene expression resulted in better physiological parameters observed in this group of barley plants.
土壤盐度是影响植物生理过程的一个重要环境因素。通过施用微量元素，可以限制盐分的负面影响。硅（Si）被广泛认为是一种可以提高植物抗非生物和生物胁迫能力的元素。本研究的目的是确定叶面喷施 Si 对在盐胁迫下生长的大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）光合作用器官、气体交换和 DNA 甲基化的影响。在受控盆栽试验中，植物在土壤中暴露于 200mM 的氯化钠（NaCl），并在三个浓度（0.05%、0.1%和 0.2%）下进行两次叶面 Si 喷施。测量叶片相对叶绿素含量（CCl）、气体交换参数（C E、g 和 P）和选定的叶绿素荧光参数（F/F、F/F、PI 和 RC/ABS）。此外，还分析了基于 3'CCGG 5'序列中胞嘧啶甲基化的 DNA 甲基化水平。盐度对所检查参数的值有负面影响。通过叶片喷施外源 Si 增加了植物中测量参数的值。用 NaCl 处理并结合中等（0.1%）和最高（0.2%）剂量的 Si 处理的植物表现出最低的甲基化水平。与基因表达激活相关的甲基化减少导致该组大麦植物观察到更好的生理参数。
