Department of Crop Production, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland.
Department of Physiology and Plant Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Ćwiklińskiej 2, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 6;24(2):1141. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021141.
Soil salinity is one of the basic factors causing physiological, biochemical and epigenetic changes in plants. The negative effects of salt in the soil environment can be reduced by foliar application of silicon (Si). The study showed some positive effects of Si on maize plants ( L.) grown in various salinity conditions. At high soil salinity (300 and 400 mM NaCl), higher CCI content was demonstrated following the application of 0.2 and 0.3% Si. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (PI, F/F, F/F and RC/ABS) were higher after spraying at 0.3 and 0.4% Si, and plant gas exchange (C, P, g, E) was higher after spraying from 0.1 to 0.4% Si. Soil salinity determined by the level of chlorophyll and , and carotenoid pigments caused the accumulation of free proline in plant leaves. To detect changes in DNA methylation under salt stress and in combination with Si treatment of maize plants, the methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) technique was used. The overall DNA methylation level within the 3'CCGG 5' sequence varied among groups of plants differentially treated. Results obtained indicated alterations of DNA methylation in plants as a response to salt stress, and the effects of NaCl + Si were dose-dependent. These changes may suggest mechanisms for plant adaptation under salt stress.
土壤盐度是导致植物生理、生化和表观遗传变化的基本因素之一。叶面喷施硅（Si）可以降低土壤环境中盐的负面影响。研究表明，Si 对在各种盐度条件下生长的玉米（Zea mays L.）植株具有一些积极影响。在高土壤盐度（300 和 400 mM NaCl）下，喷施 0.2%和 0.3%Si 后，CCI 含量更高。喷施 0.3%和 0.4%Si 后，叶绿素荧光参数（PI、F/F、F/F 和 RC/ABS）更高，喷施 0.1%至 0.4%Si 后，植物气体交换（C、P、g、E）更高。土壤盐度通过叶绿素和类胡萝卜素色素的水平决定，导致植物叶片中游离脯氨酸的积累。为了检测盐胁迫下和与 Si 处理结合的玉米植株中的 DNA 甲基化变化，使用了甲基化敏感扩增多态性（MSAP）技术。在不同处理的植物群体中，3'CCGG 5'序列内的总体 DNA 甲基化水平存在差异。结果表明，盐胁迫会导致植物 DNA 甲基化的改变，而 NaCl+Si 的作用是剂量依赖性的。这些变化可能表明了植物在盐胁迫下适应的机制。
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