Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Feb 2;23(3):1711. doi: 10.3390/ijms23031711.
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most lethal intrinsic brain tumor. Even with the existing treatment regimen of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, the median survival time is only 15-23 months. The invasive nature of this tumor makes its complete removal very difficult, leading to a high recurrence rate of over 90%. Drug delivery to glioblastoma is challenging because of the molecular and cellular heterogeneity of the tumor, its infiltrative nature, and the blood-brain barrier. Understanding the critical characteristics that restrict drug delivery to the tumor is necessary to develop platforms for the enhanced delivery of effective treatments. In this review, we address the impact of tumor invasion, the molecular and cellular heterogeneity of the tumor, and the blood-brain barrier on the delivery and distribution of drugs using potential therapeutic delivery options such as convection-enhanced delivery, controlled release systems, nanomaterial systems, peptide-based systems, and focused ultrasound.
多形性胶质母细胞瘤是最致命的内在脑肿瘤。即使采用现有的手术、放疗和化疗治疗方案，中位生存时间也只有 15-23 个月。这种肿瘤的侵袭性使得其完全切除非常困难，导致复发率超过 90%。由于肿瘤的分子和细胞异质性、浸润性以及血脑屏障的存在，药物输送到胶质母细胞瘤是具有挑战性的。了解限制药物输送到肿瘤的关键特征对于开发增强有效治疗药物输送的平台是必要的。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了肿瘤侵袭、肿瘤的分子和细胞异质性以及血脑屏障对药物输送和分布的影响，并使用了一些潜在的治疗性药物输送方法，如对流增强输送、控释系统、纳米材料系统、基于肽的系统和聚焦超声。
