Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain.
J Integr Neurosci. 2022 Jan 20;21(1):1. doi: 10.31083/j.jin2101001.
A nutraceutical is a food-derived molecule that provides medical or health benefits beyond its basic nutritional role, including the prevention and treatment of disease and its symptoms. In the peripheral nervous system, satellite glial cells are found in close relationship with neurons, mainly in peripheral sensory ganglia, but, compared with other glial cells, the relationship between these cells and nutraceuticals has received little attention. After describing satellite glial cells and their role and changes in physiology and pathology, we review the studies on the effects of nutraceuticals as modulators of their functions. Maybe due to the difficulties in selectively labeling these cells, only a few studies, performed mainly in rodent models, have analyzed nutraceutical effects, showing that N-acetylcysteine, curcumin, quercetin, osthole and resveratrol may palliate neuropathic pain through satellite glial cells-dependent pathways, namely antioxidant mechanisms and/or interference with purinergic signaling. Neither other conditions in which satellite glial cells are involved (visceral pain, nerve regeneration) nor other nutraceuticals or mechanisms of action have been studied. Although more preclinical and clinical research is needed, the available reports support the general notion that nutraceuticals may become interesting alternatives in the prevention and/or treatment of peripheral gliopathies and their associated conditions, including those affecting the satellite glial cells.
营养药物是一种源自食物的分子，除了基本的营养作用外，还能提供医疗或健康益处，包括预防和治疗疾病及其症状。在周围神经系统中，卫星胶质细胞与神经元密切相关，主要存在于周围感觉神经节中，但与其他神经胶质细胞相比，这些细胞与营养药物之间的关系受到的关注较少。在描述了卫星胶质细胞及其在生理学和病理学中的作用和变化之后，我们回顾了营养药物作为其功能调节剂的研究。可能由于选择性标记这些细胞存在困难，只有少数研究（主要在啮齿动物模型中进行）分析了营养药物的作用，表明 N-乙酰半胱氨酸、姜黄素、槲皮素、蛇床子素和白藜芦醇可能通过卫星胶质细胞依赖的途径减轻神经病理性疼痛，即抗氧化机制和/或干扰嘌呤能信号。尚未研究其他涉及卫星胶质细胞的情况（内脏疼痛、神经再生）或其他营养药物或作用机制。尽管需要更多的临床前和临床研究，但现有报告支持这样一种观点，即营养药物可能成为预防和/或治疗周围神经病变及其相关疾病（包括影响卫星胶质细胞的疾病）的有趣替代方法。
