Zhang Yuangeng, Zhang Miaomiao, Cheng Duanrui, Xu Shixin, Du Chen, Xie Li, Zhao Wen
Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China.
Biomater Sci. 2022 Mar 15;10(6):1423-1447. doi: 10.1039/d1bm01651b.
Despite electrospinning having multiple advantages over other methods such as creating materials with a superfine fiber diameter, high specific surface area, and good mechanical properties, the pore diameter of scaffolds prepared directly using conventional electrospinning is often smaller than a few tens of microns, which may not be suitable for three-dimensional (3-D) cell culture and tissue growth. In order to achieve satisfactory results for use in tissue engineering, the pore size of the scaffold should be increased to a size dependent on the specific cells being cultured. Many methods for enlarging the pore size of electrospun scaffolds have been described in the literature. In the present review, we have summarized the preparation of macroporous electrospun scaffold techniques for the skin, blood vessels, bone, cartilage and nerve tissue engineering for different applications, and further discuss the influence of changing pore-enlarging process parameters on the properties of the scaffolds, such as mechanical properties, and hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, We believe that changes in scaffold pore size and related physical properties can have a profound impact on cell behavior, such as adhesion, proliferation and infiltration, and the significance of their influence on applications of electrospun tissue engineering scaffolds is worthy of further investigation in the future.
尽管静电纺丝相对于其他方法具有多种优势，例如可制造出具有超细纤维直径、高比表面积和良好机械性能的材料，但直接使用传统静电纺丝制备的支架孔径通常小于几十微米，这可能不适用于三维（3-D）细胞培养和组织生长。为了在组织工程应用中取得满意的效果，支架的孔径应增大到取决于所培养特定细胞的尺寸。文献中已描述了许多增大静电纺丝支架孔径的方法。在本综述中，我们总结了用于皮肤、血管、骨骼、软骨和神经组织工程不同应用的大孔静电纺丝支架技术的制备方法，并进一步讨论了改变扩孔工艺参数对支架性能（如机械性能、亲水性和疏水性）的影响。我们认为，支架孔径和相关物理性能的变化会对细胞行为（如粘附、增殖和浸润）产生深远影响，其对静电纺丝组织工程支架应用的影响意义值得未来进一步研究。
