Patil Sarika J, Thorat Vandana M, Koparde Akshada A, Bhosale Rohit R, Bhinge Somnath D, Chavan Dhanashri D, Tiwari Devkumar D
Department of Pharmacology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, IND.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Krishna Institute of Pharmacy, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Oct 17;16(10):e71694. doi: 10.7759/cureus.71694. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Theranostics, a remarkable combination of diagnostics and therapeutics, has given rise to tissue/organ-format theranostic scaffolds that integrate targeted therapy and real-time disease monitoring. The scaffold is a 3D structuring template for cell or tissue attachment and growth. These scaffolds offer unprecedented opportunities for personalized medicine and hold great potential for revolutionizing healthcare. Recent advancements in fabrication techniques have enabled the creation of highly intricate and precisely engineered scaffolds with controllable physical and chemical properties, enhancing their therapeutic potential for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This paper proposes a new categorization method for scaffolds in tissue engineering based on the relativity of scaffold design-independent parameters. Five types of scaffolds are defined at different levels, highlighting the importance of understanding and analyzing scaffold types. It possesses the ability to seamlessly integrate diagnostics and therapeutics within a single platform, enhancing the efficacy and precision of personalized medicine. Natural scaffolds derived from biomaterials and synthetic scaffolds fabricated by human intervention are discussed, with synthetic scaffolds offering advantages such as tunable mechanical properties and controlled drug delivery, while natural scaffolds provide inherent biocompatibility and bioactivity, making them ideal for promoting cellular responses. The use of synthetic scaffolds shows great promise in advancing regenerative medicine and improving patient outcomes. The transfer of new technologies and changes in society have accelerated the evolution of health monitoring into the era of personal health monitoring. Using emerging health data, cost-effective analytics, wireless sensor networks, mobile smartphones, and easy internet access, the combination of these technologies is expected to accelerate the transition to personal health monitoring outside of traditional healthcare settings. The main objective of this review article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the theranostic applications of scaffolds in current biomedical research, highlighting their dual role in therapy and diagnostics. The review aims to explore the latest advancements in scaffold design, fabrication, and functionalization, emphasizing how these innovations contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy, targeted drug delivery, and the real-time monitoring of disease progression across various medical fields.
治疗诊断学，即诊断与治疗的卓越结合，催生了整合靶向治疗与疾病实时监测的组织/器官形式的治疗诊断支架。该支架是细胞或组织附着与生长的三维结构模板。这些支架为个性化医疗提供了前所未有的机遇，并在变革医疗保健方面具有巨大潜力。制造技术的最新进展使得能够创建具有可控物理和化学性质的高度复杂且精确设计的支架，增强了它们在组织工程和再生医学中的治疗潜力。本文基于与支架设计无关参数的相对性，提出了一种组织工程中支架的新分类方法。在不同层面定义了五种类型的支架，突出了理解和分析支架类型的重要性。它具备在单一平台上无缝整合诊断与治疗的能力，提高了个性化医疗的疗效和精准度。讨论了源自生物材料的天然支架和通过人工干预制造的合成支架，合成支架具有诸如可调机械性能和可控药物递送等优点，而天然支架则提供固有的生物相容性和生物活性，使其成为促进细胞反应的理想选择。合成支架的应用在推进再生医学和改善患者预后方面显示出巨大前景。新技术的传播和社会变革加速了健康监测向个人健康监测时代的演进。利用新兴的健康数据、经济高效的分析方法、无线传感器网络、移动智能手机以及便捷的互联网接入，这些技术的结合有望加速向传统医疗环境之外的个人健康监测的转变。这篇综述文章的主要目的是全面概述支架在当前生物医学研究中的治疗诊断应用，突出它们在治疗和诊断中的双重作用。该综述旨在探索支架设计、制造和功能化方面的最新进展，强调这些创新如何有助于提高治疗效果、靶向药物递送以及在各个医学领域对疾病进展的实时监测。
