Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Clin Nutr. 2022 Mar;41(3):731-736. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.01.019. Epub 2022 Feb 3.
BACKGROUNDS &AIMS: Previous studies have shown that marine omega-3 PUFAs (fish oil) supplements was associated with improved cognitive function, whereas the association between use of fish oil supplements and risk of incident dementia was still unclear. We aimed to prospectively assess the relations between use of fish oil supplements and risks of all-cause and disease-specific dementia according to the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 dosage.
A total of 445,961 participants from UK biobank, who were free of dementia at baseline and completed data on supplement use and genetic information were analyzed in this study. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) comparing incident dementia rates in participants who did and did not use fish oil.
During a median of 12.2 years of follow-up, a total of 5795 incident cases of dementia were documented, including 1266 cases of vascular dementia and 2382 cases of AD. After adjustment for covariates, use of fish oil supplements was significantly associated with lower risks of all-cause dementia (Hazard ratios, HR, 95% CI, 0.90, 0.85-0.96) and vascular dementia (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75-0.97), but not AD (HR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.91-1.09). For all-cause dementia and vascular dementia, we found that the protective associations appeared to be attenuated by the increasing APOE ε4 dosage (P-interaction = 0.002 and 0.002, respectively). Notably, the use of fish oil supplements was significantly associated with an 86.0% higher risk of vascular dementia in participants with two APOE-ε4 alleles (HR, 1.86, 95%CI, 1.23-2.80).
Our results indicate that use of fish oil supplements is differently associated with risks of all-cause dementia and vascular dementia according to the APOE ε4 dosage.
先前的研究表明，海洋 ω-3 PUFAs（鱼油）补充剂与认知功能的改善有关，而鱼油补充剂的使用与痴呆症发病风险之间的关系尚不清楚。我们旨在前瞻性评估根据载脂蛋白 E（APOE）ε4 剂量，鱼油补充剂的使用与全因和特定疾病痴呆症风险之间的关系。
本研究共纳入来自英国生物库的 445961 名参与者，他们在基线时无痴呆症，并完成了补充剂使用和遗传信息的数据。使用 Cox 比例风险模型计算了在使用和不使用鱼油的参与者中，痴呆症发病率的风险比（HR）。
在中位 12.2 年的随访期间，共记录了 5795 例痴呆症事件，包括 1266 例血管性痴呆症和 2382 例 AD。调整了协变量后，鱼油补充剂的使用与全因痴呆症（HR，95%CI，0.90，0.85-0.96）和血管性痴呆症（HR，0.85；95%CI，0.75-0.97）的风险降低显著相关，但与 AD 无关（HR，0.99；95%CI，0.91-1.09）。对于全因痴呆症和血管性痴呆症，我们发现，随着 APOE ε4 剂量的增加，这种保护作用似乎减弱（P 交互作用分别为 0.002 和 0.002）。值得注意的是，在携带两个 APOE-ε4 等位基因的参与者中，鱼油补充剂的使用与血管性痴呆症风险增加 86.0%显著相关（HR，1.86，95%CI，1.23-2.80）。
我们的研究结果表明，鱼油补充剂的使用与全因痴呆症和血管性痴呆症的风险与 APOE ε4 剂量有关。
