Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
Department of Bioengineering, School of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2022 Apr 9;599:81-86. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.02.039. Epub 2022 Feb 11.
The epigenetic phenomenon is known to derive the phenotypic variation of an organism through an interconnected cellular network of histone modifications, DNA methylation and RNA regulatory network. Transcription for protein coding genes is a highly regulated process and carried out by a large multi-complex RNA Polymerase II. The carboxy terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA Polymerase II consists of a conserved and highly repetitive heptad sequence Tyr-Ser-Pro-Thr-Ser-Pro-Ser. The epigenetically modified CTD is thought to selectively bind different protein complexes that participate in mRNA biogenesis and export. The CTD and chromatin appears to have a spatial relationship during the transcription cycle, where the epigenetic modifications of CTD not only influence the state of histone modification but also mediates CTD-chromatin crosstalk. In this mini review, we have surveyed and discussed current developments of RNA Polymerase II CTD and its new emerging crosstalk with chromatin, during the stage specific progression of RNA Polymerase II in transcription cycle. This review is mainly focussed on the insights in budding yeast.
表观遗传现象通过组蛋白修饰、DNA 甲基化和 RNA 调控网络的相互关联的细胞网络，导致生物体的表型变异。蛋白质编码基因的转录是一个高度调控的过程，由一个大型多复合物 RNA 聚合酶 II 执行。RNA 聚合酶 II 最大亚基的羧基末端结构域（CTD）由保守且高度重复的七肽序列 Tyr-Ser-Pro-Thr-Ser-Pro-Ser 组成。表观遗传修饰的 CTD 被认为选择性地结合参与 mRNA 生物发生和输出的不同蛋白质复合物。CTD 和染色质在转录周期中似乎具有空间关系，其中 CTD 的表观遗传修饰不仅影响组蛋白修饰的状态，还介导 CTD-染色质串扰。在这篇迷你综述中，我们调查并讨论了 RNA 聚合酶 II CTD 的最新发展及其与染色质的新兴相互作用，这是在转录周期中 RNA 聚合酶 II 的特定阶段进展中发生的。本综述主要侧重于芽殖酵母的研究进展。
