Melesse Misganaw Fikrie, Aynalem Bewket Yeserah
Department of Midwifery, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
SAGE Open Med. 2022 Feb 15;10:20503121221074780. doi: 10.1177/20503121221074780. eCollection 2022.
This research was aimed at assessing latrine utilization and associated factors in East Gojjam Zone, North West Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on households of East Gojjam Zone, from 1 February to 30 May 2021. Multistage cluster sampling technique was used to select 806 study participants into the study. Data were collected through pretested structured interview questionnaires and direct observation. Collected data were entered and cleaned using EPI info version 7.2 and analysed using SPSS version 23 software package. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was employed to assess association of the variables and controlling the effect of confounders, respectively. P value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
The overall latrine utilization in East Gojjam Zone was found to be 45.4% (95% confidence interval = 42.2-49.1). Occupation (adjusted odds ratio = 2.248, 95% confidence interval = 1.037-4.876), participating in model family training (adjusted odds ratio = 2.481, 95% confidence interval = 1.802-3.415), water availability (adjusted odds ratio = 2.456, 95% confidence interval = 1.514-3.983), and type of latrine (adjusted odds ratio = 2.013, 95% confidence interval 1.648-2.972) had statistically significant association with latrine utilization.
Latrine utilization in East Gojjam Zone was found to be low relative to other studies and the country's plan. It is very far apart from the Ethiopian latrine coverage and utilization plan (100%). Occupational status, participated in the model family training, water availability, and type of toilet were significantly associated with toilet utilization. Encouraging private latrine construction with accessibility of water and all households participating in model family training may increase latrine utilization in East Gojjam Zone. Further observational study triangulated with qualitative research should be conducted to provide more strong evidence for further improvement of household latrine utilization status in East Gojjam Zone.
本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西北部东戈贾姆地区的厕所使用情况及相关因素。
于2021年2月1日至5月30日对东戈贾姆地区的家庭开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段整群抽样技术选取806名研究参与者纳入研究。通过预先测试的结构化访谈问卷和直接观察收集数据。收集到的数据使用EPI info 7.2版本录入并清理，并用SPSS 23软件包进行分析。分别采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归评估变量之间的关联并控制混杂因素的影响。P值小于0.05被视为具有统计学意义。
东戈贾姆地区的总体厕所使用率为45.4%（95%置信区间=42.2 - 49.1）。职业（调整后的优势比=2.248，95%置信区间=1.037 - 4.876）、参加模范家庭培训（调整后的优势比=2.481，95%置信区间=1.802 - 3.415）、水的可获得性（调整后的优势比=2.456，95%置信区间=1.514 - 3.983）以及厕所类型（调整后的优势比=2.013，95%置信区间1.648 - 2.972）与厕所使用情况具有统计学意义上的关联。
发现东戈贾姆地区的厕所使用率相对于其他研究和该国计划而言较低。与埃塞俄比亚的厕所覆盖和使用计划（100%）相差甚远。职业状况、参加模范家庭培训、水的可获得性以及厕所类型与厕所使用情况显著相关。鼓励建设有水源供应的私人厕所并让所有家庭参加模范家庭培训可能会提高东戈贾姆地区的厕所使用率。应开展进一步的观察性研究并结合定性研究，为进一步改善东戈贾姆地区家庭厕所使用状况提供更有力的证据。
