He Hairong, Liang Liang, Han Didi, Xu Fengshuo, Lyu Jun
Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Feb 3;9:824464. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.824464. eCollection 2022.
This study used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) to determine the differences in the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (PCa) between China and the USA from 1990 to 2019.
The age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) and age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) in China and the USA from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from GBD 2019. Annual percentage changes and relative risks of ASIR and ASDR were calculated using joinpoint regression analysis and age-period-cohort models, respectively.
The ASIR of PCa in China continually increased from 1990 to 2019, while in the USA it increased from 1990 to 1994 and then continually decreased until 2015, and then slightly increased again until 2019. The ASDR in China did not change, and the trend of ASDR in the USA was similar to the trend of the ASIR in the USA. The incidence of PCa increased with age in China, but decreased after the age of 75 years in the USA. A period effect was present, with the risk of developing PCa increasing continuously over longer time periods. Those born later had a lower risk of PCa or death, indicating a cohort effect.
PCa is becoming more problematic for Chinese males. Disease trends in the USA indicate that large-scale screening may be beneficial and should be immediately implemented among high-risk groups in China.
本研究使用2019年全球疾病负担研究（GBD 2019）的数据，以确定1990年至2019年中国和美国前列腺癌（PCa）发病率和死亡率的差异。
从GBD 2019中提取1990年至2019年中国和美国的年龄标准化发病率（ASIRs）和年龄标准化死亡率（ASDRs）。分别使用Joinpoint回归分析和年龄-时期-队列模型计算ASIR和ASDR的年度百分比变化和相对风险。
1990年至2019年中国PCa的ASIR持续上升，而美国在1990年至1994年上升，然后持续下降直至2015年，随后再次略有上升直至2019年。中国的ASDR没有变化，美国ASDR的趋势与美国ASIR的趋势相似。中国PCa的发病率随年龄增长而增加，但在美国75岁以后发病率下降。存在时期效应，随着时间延长患PCa的风险持续增加。出生较晚的人患PCa或死亡的风险较低，表明存在队列效应。
PCa对中国男性来说问题日益严重。美国的疾病趋势表明大规模筛查可能有益，应立即在中国高危人群中实施。
