Wang Ying, Xu Yixuan, Guo Xianghuan, Wang Lei, Zeng Jing, Qiu Haixia, Tan Yizhou, Chen Defu, Zhao Hongyou, Gu Ying
Department of Laser Medicine, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
Department of Laser Medicine, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022 Apr;183:114168. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114168. Epub 2022 Feb 18.
The rapid increase of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic microorganisms has become one of the most severe threats to human health. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), a light-based regimen, has offered a compelling nonpharmacological alternative to conventional antibiotics. The activity of aPDT is based on cytotoxic effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are generated through the photosensitized reaction between photon, oxygen and photosensitizer. However, limited by the penetration of light and photosensitizers in human tissues and/or the infiltration of oxygen and photosensitizers in biofilms, the eradication of deeply located or biofilm-associated infections by aPDT remains challenging. Ultrasound irradiation bears a deeper penetration in human tissues than light and, sequentially, can promote drug delivery through cavitation effect. As such, the combination of ultrasound and aPDT represents a potent antimicrobial strategy. In this review, we summarized the recent progresses in the area of the combination therapy using ultrasound and aPDT, and discussed the potential mechanisms underlying enhanced antimicrobial effect by this combination therapy. The future research directions are also highlighted.
致病微生物对抗生素耐药性的迅速增加已成为对人类健康最严重的威胁之一。抗菌光动力疗法（aPDT）作为一种基于光的治疗方案，为传统抗生素提供了一种引人注目的非药物替代方法。aPDT的作用基于活性氧（ROS）的细胞毒性作用，ROS是通过光子、氧气和光敏剂之间的光敏反应产生的。然而，受限于光和光敏剂在人体组织中的穿透能力，以及氧气和光敏剂在生物膜中的渗透能力，aPDT根除深部或生物膜相关感染仍然具有挑战性。超声照射在人体组织中的穿透深度比光更深，并且依次可以通过空化效应促进药物递送。因此，超声与aPDT的联合是一种有效的抗菌策略。在本综述中，我们总结了超声与aPDT联合治疗领域的最新进展，并讨论了这种联合治疗增强抗菌效果的潜在机制。还强调了未来的研究方向。
