Sondrup Nina, Termannsen Anne-Ditte, Eriksen Jane N, Hjorth Mads F, Færch Kristine, Klingenberg Lars, Quist Jonas S
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
Sleep Med Rev. 2022 Apr;62:101594. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101594. Epub 2022 Feb 1.
Poor sleep habits are associated with increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. In this review and meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the effects of sleep manipulation on markers of insulin sensitivity from randomized, controlled trials. Sleep manipulation was defined as reduction in sleep duration, sleep quality, and circadian misalignment. A systematic literature search was conducted in three databases and resulted in 35 eligible articles. The studies included interventions on sleep restriction (26 studies), slow wave sleep suppression and rapid eye movement sleep disturbance (2 studies), sleep fragmentation (2 studies), and circadian misalignment (5 studies). The meta-analysis included 21 sleep restriction studies. Sleep restriction reduced insulin sensitivity assessed by oral or intravenous glucose tolerance test and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. Whole-body insulin sensitivity was also reduced after short sleep when measured by the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, but peripheral insulin sensitivity was not affected. In addition, circadian misalignment and slow wave sleep suppression negatively affected insulin sensitivity, while rapid eye movement sleep disturbance and sleep fragmentation had no effect. In summary, the studies indicated that duration, quality, and timing of sleep are essential for metabolic function and risk of type 2 diabetes.
不良的睡眠习惯与患2型糖尿病的风险增加有关。在本综述和荟萃分析中，我们旨在通过随机对照试验研究睡眠干预对胰岛素敏感性指标的影响。睡眠干预被定义为睡眠时间减少、睡眠质量下降和昼夜节律失调。我们在三个数据库中进行了系统的文献检索，最终得到35篇符合条件的文章。这些研究包括对睡眠限制（26项研究）、慢波睡眠抑制和快速眼动睡眠障碍（2项研究）、睡眠片段化（2项研究）以及昼夜节律失调（5项研究）的干预。荟萃分析纳入了21项睡眠限制研究。睡眠限制降低了通过口服或静脉葡萄糖耐量试验以及胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估所测得的胰岛素敏感性。通过高胰岛素正常血糖钳夹技术测量发现，短睡眠后全身胰岛素敏感性也降低了，但外周胰岛素敏感性未受影响。此外，昼夜节律失调和慢波睡眠抑制对胰岛素敏感性有负面影响，而快速眼动睡眠障碍和睡眠片段化则没有影响。总之，这些研究表明，睡眠的时长、质量和时间安排对代谢功能及2型糖尿病风险至关重要。
