Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Rev Med Virol. 2023 Jan;33(1):e2337. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2337. Epub 2022 Feb 22.
The majority of sexually active individuals becomes infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) at least once in their lifetime. Pathways for HPV transmission vary across different mucosal sites per individual. They include autoinoculation within one host, direct transmission between individuals (including perinatal transmission and transmission during sexual activity), and indirect transmission through contact with hands. The authors aim to clarify the prevalence and route of transmission per anatomic site, inter- and intra-individually, using a narrative review of the literature. In conclusion, transmission of HPV to the oral cavity and oropharynx is hypothesised to occur mainly through sexual contact. Transmission of particles through saliva has not been proven and daily living activities are not a documented source of HPV infection. Oropharyngeal HPV related cancer survivors and their partners do not show increased risk of infection during sexual intercourse. Transmission of HPV to the oral cavity (autoinoculation with fingers or transmission through saliva in deep kissing) is probably of limited importance.
大多数有性行为的个体一生中至少会感染人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 一次。HPV 的传播途径因个体的不同黏膜部位而异。它们包括同一宿主内的自身接种、个体之间的直接传播（包括围产期传播和性行为期间的传播）以及通过接触手的间接传播。作者旨在通过对文献的叙述性回顾，澄清每个解剖部位的流行率和传播途径，包括个体间和个体内的情况。总之，HPV 传播到口腔和口咽主要通过性接触发生。通过唾液传播颗粒尚未得到证实，日常活动也不是 HPV 感染的已知来源。口咽 HPV 相关癌症幸存者及其伴侣在性行为期间并未显示出感染风险增加。HPV 传播到口腔（手指自身接种或深吻时通过唾液传播）可能意义不大。
