Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India.
Herbalfarm Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India.
Polim Med. 2022 Jan-Jun;52(1):31-36. doi: 10.17219/pim/145512.
Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is a climbing perennial plant in the Piperaceae family. Pepper has been known since antiquity for its use both as a medicine and a spice. It is particularly valued for its pungency attributed to its principal constituent - piperine. This review summarizes the information on the biological source of piperine, its extraction and isolation strategies, physicochemical properties, and pharmacological activity - analgesic, immunomodulatory, anti-depressive, anti-diarrheal, hepatoprotective, etc. The effect of piperine on biotransformation of co-administered drugs is also presented in this review, along with the mechanisms involved in its bioavailability-enhancing effect. Its important medicinal uses, including anti-hepatotoxic, anti-diarrheal, anti-depressive, analgesic, and immunomodulatory effects, besides many other traditional uses, are compiled. Based on an exhaustive review of literature, it may be concluded that piperine is a very promising alkaloid found in members of the Piperaceae family.
黑胡椒（Piper nigrum L.）是胡椒科的一种攀援多年生植物。自古以来，胡椒因其药用和调味用途而广为人知。它特别因其主要成分——胡椒碱的刺激性而受到重视。本综述总结了胡椒碱的生物来源、提取和分离策略、理化性质和药理活性（镇痛、免疫调节、抗抑郁、抗腹泻、保肝等）的信息。本综述还介绍了胡椒碱对同时给予的药物生物转化的影响，以及其增强生物利用度的作用机制。此外，还编译了其重要的药用用途，包括抗肝毒性、抗腹泻、抗抑郁、镇痛和免疫调节作用，以及许多其他传统用途。通过对文献的全面回顾，可以得出结论，胡椒碱是胡椒科植物中一种非常有前途的生物碱。
