Chang Hee Jin, Yang Kwang Ik, Chu Min Kyung, Yun Chang-Ho, Kim Daeyoung
Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.
J Clin Neurol. 2022 Jul;18(4):470-477. doi: 10.3988/jcn.2022.18.4.470. Epub 2022 Feb 21.
The relationship between napping and cognition remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association between napping and cognition according to sleep debt in the Korean adult population.
A population-based nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2018. A two-stage stratified random sample of Koreans aged ≥19 years was selected and evaluated using questionnaires by trained interviewers. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mail-In Cognitive Function Screening Instrument (MCFSI). Sleep habits on weekdays and weekends, napping, and subjective sleep requirements were assessed using the questionnaires. Accumulated sleep debt was calculated by subtracting the weekly average sleep duration from subjective sleep requirements. Sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, insomnia, depression, demographics, and comorbidities were assessed. Participants were grouped into those with sleep debt ≤60 min and those with sleep debt >60 min. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate the independent association between the factors and cognition.
In total, 2,501 participants were included in the analysis. Naps were reported in 726 (29.0%) participants (nappers). The mean MCFSI score was higher in nappers (3.4±3.6) than in non-nappers (2.3±3.0) (<0.001). Multiple linear regression controlling for age, alcohol, smoking, depression, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, sleep quality, and education revealed that 30 to 60 min of napping was associated with worse cognitive function in participants with sleep debts ≤60 min, while >60 min of napping was associated with better cognitive function in participants with sleep debts >60 min.
In general, naps are associated with worse cognitive function in the Korean adult population. However, for those with sleep debt of >60 min, naps for >60 min were associated with better cognitive function.
午睡与认知之间的关系仍存在争议。本研究旨在根据韩国成年人群的睡眠债情况，调查午睡与认知之间的关联。
2018年开展了一项基于人群的全国性横断面调查。选取年龄≥19岁的韩国人作为两阶段分层随机样本，由经过培训的访员通过问卷调查进行评估。使用邮寄式认知功能筛查工具（MCFSI）评估认知功能。通过问卷评估工作日和周末的睡眠习惯、午睡情况以及主观睡眠需求。通过用主观睡眠需求减去每周平均睡眠时间来计算累积睡眠债。评估睡眠质量、日间嗜睡、失眠、抑郁、人口统计学特征及合并症。参与者被分为睡眠债≤60分钟组和睡眠债>60分钟组。采用多元线性回归来估计各因素与认知之间的独立关联。
总计2501名参与者纳入分析。726名（29.0%）参与者（午睡者）报告有午睡习惯。午睡者的平均MCFSI得分（3.4±3.6）高于非午睡者（2.3±3.0）（<0.001）。在对年龄、饮酒、吸烟、抑郁、失眠、日间嗜睡、睡眠质量和教育程度进行控制的多元线性回归分析中发现，午睡30至60分钟与睡眠债≤60分钟的参与者认知功能较差有关，而午睡>60分钟与睡眠债>60分钟的参与者认知功能较好有关。
总体而言，午睡与韩国成年人群认知功能较差有关。然而，对于睡眠债>60分钟的人群，午睡>60分钟与较好的认知功能有关。
