Oker Kemal, Reinhardt Melinda, Schmelowszky Ágoston
Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
Front Psychol. 2022 Feb 7;13:812720. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.812720. eCollection 2022.
The purpose of this study was to investigate mental effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its relationship with death attitudes and coping styles among Hungarian, Norwegian, and Turkish psychology students. A total of 388 participants from Hungary ( = 122, 31.4%), Norway ( = 96, 24.7%), and Turkey ( = 170, 43.8%) were recruited during the pandemic. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, the Carver Brief COPE Inventory, and the Death Attitude Profile-Revised were used. The results indicated that escape acceptance might be the most maladaptive death attitude during COVID-19, as it was related to poorer mental health among the Hungarian, Norwegian, and Turkish psychology students. Self-blame, behavioral disengagement, self-distraction, and substance use coping styles were also related to poorer mental health, whereas positive-reframing (only among the Hungarian and Turkish participants) and humor (only among the Norwegian participants) were related to better mental health among our sample in the context of COVID-19. The findings implied that death attitudes and coping styles may differ in their efficacy among the Hungarian, Norwegian, and Turkish participants. These differences were discussed in detail in the discussion part. During the pandemic, practitioners might pay closer attention to patients with higher escape acceptance death attitude and patients who use dysfunctional coping styles. Additionally, patients can be encouraged to use techniques involving positive reframing and humor coping styles.
本研究的目的是调查2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对匈牙利、挪威和土耳其心理学专业学生的心理影响及其与死亡态度和应对方式的关系。在疫情期间，共招募了388名参与者，其中来自匈牙利的有122名（占31.4%），来自挪威的有96名（占24.7%），来自土耳其的有170名（占43.8%）。使用了抑郁、焦虑和压力量表、事件影响量表修订版、卡弗简要应对量表和死亡态度剖面图修订版。结果表明，逃避接受可能是COVID-19期间最适应不良的死亡态度，因为它与匈牙利、挪威和土耳其心理学专业学生较差的心理健康状况有关。自责、行为脱离、自我分心和物质使用应对方式也与较差的心理健康状况有关，而积极重新评价（仅在匈牙利和土耳其参与者中）和幽默（仅在挪威参与者中）在COVID-19背景下与我们样本中较好的心理健康状况有关。研究结果表明，匈牙利、挪威和土耳其参与者的死亡态度和应对方式在效果上可能存在差异。这些差异在讨论部分进行了详细讨论。在疫情期间，从业者可能需要更加关注具有较高逃避接受死亡态度的患者以及使用功能失调应对方式的患者。此外，可以鼓励患者使用涉及积极重新评价和幽默应对方式的技巧。
