Freeman Colbey W, Hwang Misun
Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Children (Basel). 2022 Jan 30;9(2):170. doi: 10.3390/children9020170.
Because of its portability, safety profile, and accessibility, ultrasound has been integral in pediatric neuroimaging. While conventional B-mode and Doppler ultrasound provide anatomic and limited flow information, new and developing advanced ultrasound techniques are facilitating real-time visualization of brain perfusion, microvascular flow, and changes in tissue stiffness in the brain. These techniques, which include contrast-enhanced ultrasound, microvascular imaging, and elastography, are providing new insights into and new methods of evaluating pathologies affecting children requiring critical care, including hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, stroke, and hydrocephalus. This review introduces advanced neurosonography techniques and their clinical applications in pediatric neurocritical care.
由于其便携性、安全性和易获得性，超声在儿科神经成像中一直不可或缺。虽然传统的B模式和多普勒超声可提供解剖结构和有限的血流信息，但新出现和不断发展的先进超声技术正在促进对脑灌注、微血管血流以及脑组织硬度变化的实时可视化。这些技术包括超声造影、微血管成像和弹性成像，它们为评估影响危重症儿童的疾病，如缺氧缺血性脑病、中风和脑积水，提供了新的见解和新的方法。本文综述了先进的神经超声技术及其在儿科神经重症监护中的临床应用。
