Department of Human Movement and Health Science, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy.
Romanian Karate Federation, 022103 Bucharest, Romania.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 14;19(4):2157. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042157.
In children, motor competence (MC) and the amount of physical activity are tightly interconnected. In adults with Down syndrome (DS), MC has been poorly addressed, resulting in a limited understanding of the possibility to improve MC over time. Here, we aim to: (1) investigate MC in adults with DS by comparing them with a group of typically developed peers and (2) verify the effect of an adapted karate program on MC. Adults with DS (DSG; = 57) and typically developed adults (TDG; = 21) performed the Test of Gross Motor Development version 3 (TGMD-3). The total TGMD-3 score (TGMD-3), the locomotor (TGMD-3), and object control (TGMD-3) scores were computed. After a 40 week adapted karate program, DSG ( = 37) underwent the post-training TGMD-3 assessment. Compared to TDG, DSG showed lower TGMD-3 (DSG: 45.5 ± 17.3; TDG: 77.3 ± 9.5), TGMD-3 (DSG: 22.2 ± 10.0; TDG: 36.2 ± 7.6) and TGMD-3 (DSG: 23.3 ± 10.9; TDG: 41.1 ± 5.6). After the training, TGMD-3, TGMD-3 and TGMD-3 increased by 35.6%, 30.0% and 40.7%, respectively. Our results suggest that MC acquisition does not evolve into a mature form in adulthood in individuals with DS. Moreover, a brief exposure to an adapted karate program induces an increase in motor competence in DS, even in adulthood.
在儿童中，运动能力（MC）和身体活动量紧密相关。在患有唐氏综合征（DS）的成年人中，MC 受到的关注较少，因此对随着时间推移 MC 改善的可能性了解有限。在这里，我们的目的是：（1）通过将他们与一组典型的发展同龄人进行比较，来研究患有 DS 的成年人的 MC；（2）验证适应型空手道方案对 MC 的影响。患有 DS 的成年人（DSG；= 57）和典型发育的成年人（TDG；= 21）完成了《运动发育测试》第 3 版（TGMD-3）的测试。计算了 TGMD-3 的总得分（TGMD-3）、移动得分（TGMD-3）和物体控制得分（TGMD-3）。经过 40 周的适应型空手道方案训练后，DSG（= 37）接受了训练后 TGMD-3 评估。与 TDG 相比，DSG 的 TGMD-3 得分较低（DSG：45.5 ± 17.3；TDG：77.3 ± 9.5）、TGMD-3 得分较低（DSG：22.2 ± 10.0；TDG：36.2 ± 7.6）和 TGMD-3 得分较低（DSG：23.3 ± 10.9；TDG：41.1 ± 5.6）。经过训练，TGMD-3、TGMD-3 和 TGMD-3 分别增加了 35.6%、30.0%和 40.7%。我们的结果表明，在 DS 个体中，MC 的获得在成年期并未发展为成熟形式。此外，短暂接触适应型空手道方案可引起 DS 中运动能力的提高，即使在成年期也是如此。
