Majumder Rajib, Taylor Phillip W, Chapman Toni A
Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.
Biosecurity and Food Safety, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute (EMAI), Menangle, NSW 2567, Australia.
Microorganisms. 2022 Jan 26;10(2):291. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10020291.
The transition from nature to laboratory or mass rearing can impose significant physiological and evolutionary impact on insects. The Queensland fruit fly (also known as 'Qfly'), (Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a serious economic pest that presents major challenges for horticulture industries in Australia. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is being developed to manage outbreaks in regions that remain free of Qfly and to suppress populations in regions where this species is endemic. The biology of Qfly is intimately connected to its microbiome. Therefore, changes in the microbiome that occur through domestication have implications for SIT. There are numerous studies of the microbiome in Qfly larvae and adults, but there is little information on how the microbiome changes as Qfly laboratory colonies are established. In this study, high-throughput Illumina sequencing was used to assess the Qfly microbiome in colonies reared from wild larvae, collected from fruit, for five generations, on a gel-based larval diet. Beta diversity analysis showed that the bacterial communities from Generation 5 (G5) clustered separately from earlier generations. At the genus level, bacterial communities were significantly different between the generations and mostly altered at G5. However, communities were found similar at phyla to family taxonomic levels. We observed high abundance of and at the genus level in the larval and pupal stages respectively at G5, but these were not detected in earlier generations. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the domestication process strongly affects the Qfly microbiome and prompts questions about the functional relationship between the Qfly and its microbiome, as well as implications for the performance of insects that have been domesticated and mass-reared for SIT programs.
从自然环境过渡到实验室环境或大规模饲养会对昆虫产生重大的生理和进化影响。昆士兰果蝇（也称为“Q 果蝇”），(弗罗加特)（双翅目：实蝇科），是一种严重的经济害虫，给澳大利亚的园艺产业带来了重大挑战。目前正在开发不育昆虫技术（SIT），以管理尚未出现 Q 果蝇的地区的疫情，并抑制该物种 endemic 地区的种群数量。Q 果蝇的生物学特性与其微生物组密切相关。因此，驯化过程中微生物组的变化对 SIT 有影响。关于 Q 果蝇幼虫和成虫的微生物组有大量研究，但关于随着 Q 果蝇实验室菌落的建立微生物组如何变化的信息却很少。在本研究中，使用高通量 Illumina 测序来评估从野生幼虫收集的、以凝胶基幼虫饲料饲养五代的菌落中的 Q 果蝇微生物组。β 多样性分析表明，第 5 代（G5）的细菌群落与早期世代分开聚类。在属水平上，各代之间的细菌群落存在显著差异，并且在 G5 时大多发生了变化。然而，在门到科的分类水平上发现群落相似。我们观察到在 G5 时，幼虫和蛹阶段分别在属水平上有高丰度的 和 ，但在早期世代中未检测到。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，驯化过程强烈影响 Q 果蝇微生物组，并引发了关于 Q 果蝇与其微生物组之间功能关系的问题，以及对为 SIT 计划而驯化和大规模饲养的昆虫性能的影响。
